Language teachers' perception toward the validity, reliability, authenticity and backwash effect of the two response types was elicited by a questionnaire.
作者通过调查问卷，调研了英语教师对两种题型在效度、真实性和后效作用的看法。
An effective way to make the backwash effect of the test positive is to improve its validity.
提高测试效度是使测试反拨作用趋于积极的有效手段。
An effective way to make the backwash effect of the test positive is to improve its validity.
提高测试效度是使测试反拨作用趋于积极的有效手段。
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