部分准备金制度引起的泡沫之本质。
The Nature of the Bubbles Induced by Fractional-Reserve banking.
第一种，整个基于部分准备金的银行系统灾难性的彻底崩溃。
The first scenario is the catastrophic one in which the whole banking system based on a fractional reserve collapses.
所以银行的产生是很自然的，而部分准备金制度也是自然产生的。
So, Banks are natural and fractional reserve banking is the natural thing to do.
我们也应该十分清楚所谓“部分准备金仓储制度”不过是对欺诈和侵占行为的一种委婉说法。
It should also be clear that "fractional-reserve warehousing" is only a euphemism for fraud and embezzlement.
部分准备金制度扩大了货币供应，而直到凯恩斯和菲舍尔之前的时代，这一现象一直被称为通货膨胀。
Fractional reserves expand the money supply, which, until the age of Keynes and Fisher, was called inflation.
且既然整个部分准备金银行制度的意义就在于银行不需要有足够的储备金去兑现它的票据，因而罗斯巴德银行会很快破产倒闭。
And since the whole point of fractional-reserve banking is not to have sufficient money to redeem the receipts, the Rothbard bank would quickly go under.
众所周知，银行采用部分准备金制度，这意味着银行家可以使用存款进行借贷活动，但是这些贷款却只有部分得到了真正货币储备的担保。
It is well known that Banks engage in fractional-reserve lending, meaning that bankers use their deposits in lending operations, with only a part of their loans covered by money reserves.
在美联储资产负债表的负债表一栏里有两个主要组成部分：商业银行持有的活期存款，也即它们的准备金；和联邦储备券，即由美联储发行的现金。
On the liability side, there are also two major figures: Demand deposits held by the commercial Banks, which constitute the reserves of those Banks; and Federal reserve Notes, cash emitted by the Fed.
在美联储资产负债表的负债部分，零利率的超额准备金增加了大约1万亿。
On the liability side of the Fed's ledger, excess reserves that pay close to zero interest have expanded by about $1 trillion.
所以，英格兰银行有效率地强制执行了，这种制度-英国的银行保有足够的准备金，并且他们将在向英格兰银行付的保证金里，看到准备金其中的一部分。
So the bank of England effectively enforced that the Banks in England kept adequate reserves and they would see some of these reserves in the deposits at the bank of England.
实际上，绝大部分银行对储蓄存款，定期大额储蓄存款和某几种类型的货币市场账户根本上就没有准备金。
In fact, most Banks have no reserve requirements at all on savings deposits, CDs and certain kinds of money market accounts.
作为周三举措的一部分，印度央行将商业银行的存款准备金率下调了1个百分点，至6.5%。
As part of Wednesday's moves, the Reserve bank of India cut in the amount of cash Banks must leave on hand with it by one percentage point to 6.5%.
保险资金包括自有资金和外来资金两部分，具体包括资本金、公积金、保证金、各类准备金及其他资金等。
The insurance fund includes internal capital and external capital, which are registration capital, accumulation fund, security, reserve and other fund.
我国大部分（国际收支）的黄金准备金已流往国外。
Most of our gold reserves have drained away to foreign countries.
通过把存款准备金率降低半个百分点，央行正部分地在寻求平衡自己做出的支持货币的行动。
By lowering the reserve requirement ratio, or R. R. R. , by half a percentage point, the central bank is partly seeking to offset its own actions in support of the currency.
此外，上调准备金率对银行的影响已日益薄弱，因为更多的券商资金流入且这部分资金无须缴纳存款准备金。
Besides, RRR hikes now have a reduced impact on Banks, as more funds are coming from securities firms, which do not need to pay the required reserve deposits to the Central bank.
金融机构有权决定自己的超额准备金率，以及是否使用这部分存款。
Financial institutions have the right to determine their own excess reserve ratios and whether to use this part of deposit.
未决赔款准备金是保险公司责任准备金中最重要的部分，也是准备金精算师日常工作的主要部分。
The outstanding claim reserve is the most important part of reserves. The actuaries in the insurance companies pay most time in estimating the outstanding claim reserves.
银行的存款准备金指的是国家规定，储蓄银行都必须设置的一部分资金，以进行其日常的资金借贷活动。
The bank reserve requirement refers to deposits banks are required to set aside as a reserve, which reduces their lending ability.
现在的法定准备金率%，在活期存款上是，所以它们被强迫持有这些准备金，并且一大部分是在联邦储备银行，存着的。
The reserve requirement now is 10% 10% on demand deposits so they're forced to keep those reserves and much of that is in the form of deposits at the Federal Reserve Banks.
买方预付给卖方的1万欧元专用包装准备金将冲销买方最后一批货的部分货款。
Such amount paid by the Buyer to the Seller may be used as the payment for the last shipment.
买方预付给卖方的1万欧元专用包装准备金将冲销买方最后一批货的部分货款。
Such amount paid by the Buyer to the Seller may be used as the payment for the last shipment.
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