在形成的过程中，材料必须接收到环境信号，反映气候变化，并能被现代物理或化学手段破译。
In the process of formation, the material must have received an environmental signal that reflects a change in climate and that can be deciphered by modern physical or chemical means.
所以沉积物被运输，然后沉积，随着时间的推移，它在地球表面形成了层。
So sediment is transported and then deposited and it forms layers on the Earth's surface over time.
这表明，地球上的水可能来自内部，由于地质活动，被带到表面形成海洋。
This suggests that Earth's water may have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activity.
地壳运动打开了地中海和大西洋之间的海峡，地中海重新被水注满，之后形成了地中海盐丘。
Mediterranean salt domes formed after crustal movements opened the straits between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, and the Mediterranean refilled with water.
梅南德指出，“伟大的作品被人阅读，是因为已经被读过”——它们形成了一种社会凝聚力。
Menand notes, "the great books are read because they have been read"—they form a sort of social glue.
外在的恶魔使他们能够被征服，但是白羊座通常不能形成这个问题。
The externalizing of demons enables them to be conquered, but Aries is usually unable to formulate the problem.
在这种情况下，铀铅定年法被用来确定样本中一半的砂岩是在阿巴拉契亚山脉花岗岩形成的同时形成的。
In this case, Uranium-Lead Dating was used to establish that half of the sandstone in the samples was formed at the same time the granite in the Appalachian Mountains was formed.
在郊区某个地方下车后，这位艺术家在一片草地上走来走去，直到被压碎的草皮形成一条线——一种在土地上的绘画。
Having got off somewhere in suburbia, the artist walked backwards and forwards over a piece of grass until the squashed turf formed a line-a kind of drawing on the land.
在郊区某个地方下车后，这位艺术家在一片草地上走来走去，直到被压碎的草皮形成一条线——一种在土地上的绘画。
Having got off somewhere in suburbia, the artist walked backwards and forwards over a piece of grass until the squashed turf formed a line – a kind of drawing on the land.
在其他情况下，较细的颗粒可能被除去，而沙粒大小的颗粒堆积起来形成移动的山丘或沙脊。
In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand.
这样形成的“地幔柱”一旦形成，就会继续从地幔底部引导热物质，直到储层被排空。
The "mantle plume" thus formed, once established, continues to channel hot material from the mantle base until the reservoir is emptied.
一旦地球经历了其形成的最后阶段，气体就会鼓泡到地表，并被地球的重力场控制，形成大气。
Once Earth had gone through the final stages of its formation, gases bubbled to the surface and were held by Earth's gravitational field to form the atmosphere.
半融雪通过一种未知的物理过程被压实，而固态、无气泡的冰是由富含可溶性有机物的水形成的。
The slush is compacted by an unknown mechanism, and solid, bubble-free ice is formed from water high in soluble organic substances.
如果我们有岩石样本用于研究，我们就能知道，这些小陨石坑是在行星形成的最后阶段被撞击形成的，还是后来的流星雨造成的。
If we had rock samples to study, we'd know whether these small craters were formed by impacts during the final stages of planetary formation, or if they resulted from later meteor showers.
这就形成了一种良好的善意感，帮助我们大学避免被大环境孤立。
This cultivates a sense of goodwill and helps the university avoid becoming isolated from the larger community.
因此，冰川形成了各种各样的地貌，这些地貌在地表被冰覆盖的解除后很长时间都不会消失。
As a result, glaciers create a great variety of landforms that remain long after the surface is released from its icy covering.
因此，所有这些都有助于在社区中形成一种从众的态度，你也可以明白为什么这种谦逊的、非常朴素的风格会在新英格兰农村地区被如此广泛地模仿。
So all these help to create an attitude of conformity in the community, and you can see why a modest, a very plain style would have become so widely imitated throughout rural New England.
一旦土壤被侵蚀，新的土壤只有经过几个世纪或几千年才能形成。
Once the soil has been removed by erosion, only the passage of centuries or millennia will enable new soil to form.
当水从板下的一个腔中被抽出来产生负压时，可伸缩的传感器被向下拉，形成一个凹形。
When water is pumped out of a chamber below the plate creating negative pressure, the stretchable sensors are pulled down, producing a concave shape.
大脑成像显示，接触纸张时，大脑的情感中心被激活，从而形成更强的联系。
Brain imaging showed that, on touching the paper, the emotional center of the brain was activated, thus forming a stronger bond.
裸露的岩石受到各种天气过程的侵蚀，逐渐分解成碎片，然后被带走，最后沉积形成沉积物。
The exposed rocks are attacked by the various weather processes and gradually broken down into fragments, which are then carried away and later deposited as sediments.
我们被引导着去相信我们能找到很大一部分经过多年冻结形成的更古老、更厚的冰层，这些冰已经存在很多年了，而且会越来越厚。
We'd been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multi-year ice that's been around for a few years and just gets thicker and thicker.
难熔的内含物中的那种矿物质，也被认为是最早形成的太阳星云凝结的物质。
The same minerals that occur in refractory inclusions are believed to be the earliest-formed substances to have condensed out of the solar nebula.
沿着美国东海岸，最南边的冰川运动被大量的沙子和终碛石的漂流沉积物（形成了长岛和科德角）所记录下来。
Along the east coast of the United States, the southernmost advance of this ice is recorded by the enormous sand and drift deposits of the terminal moraines that form Long Island and Cape Cod.
随着大量的水通过蒸发被抽离，并以雪的形式沉淀形成冰川冰，海洋中氧同位素的比率就发生了变化。
The oxygen isotope ratio of the ocean changes as a great deal of water is withdrawn from it by evaporation and is precipitated as snow to form glacial ice.
这些线条被深深地雕刻在平坦的石质平原上，形成了大约300幅复杂的动物画，如鸟、猴子和蜥蜴。
These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard.
最近的一项研究似乎指出了一个事实，当物质和反物质最初被创造出来的时候，有更多的物质粒子，这使得我们生活的宇宙得以形成。
A recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form.
最近的一项研究似乎指出了一个事实，当物质和反物质最初被创造出来的时候，有更多的物质粒子，这使得我们生活的宇宙得以形成。
A recent study seems to point to the fact that when matter and anti-matter were first created, there were slightly more particles of matter, which allowed the universe we all live in to form.
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