科学家发现这种黑素细胞干细胞缺少一种至关重要的酶，这种酶存在于在皮肤里发现的类似的干细胞里，而皮肤不随着年龄褪色。
Scientists found that such melanocyte stem cells lacked a crucial enzyme that was present in similar stem cells found in the skin, which do not lose colour with age.
胚胎干细胞如此让人激动是因为它的天然功能就是分化成身体所有的细胞。
Why people are so excited about embryonic stem cells is because in nature they become all the cells of the body.
离心机将脂肪细胞从干细胞和再生细胞中分离出来，将它们浓缩成一个小球，再萃取出来。
A centrifuge separates the fat cells from the stem and regenerative cells, concentrating them into a pellet, which is then extracted.
和我们之前谈到的胚胎干细胞有所不同，这是一个成人干细胞的例子。
Different from the embryonic stem cell we talked about before, it's an example of an adult stem cell.
干细胞研究人员已经找到了一种从成年人身上获得完全可用的干细胞的方法。
Stem cell researchers have found a way to get perfectly usable stem cells from fully grown human beings.
最近，英国国家干细胞网络部门警告说，如果没有足够的资金和立法保障，英国可能会失去在世界干细胞研究领域的领导地位。
Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured.
该综述关注的是参与造血干细胞动员和生成巨核细胞的几种重要细胞因子。
This review focused on several important cytokines participating in hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and megakaryocytopoiesis.
但是如果把这种化学信号加到老鼠身上，形成的组合却能够保护被称之为造血原细胞的干细胞。
But by jamming these signals in mice, the team was able to protect the stem cells, called hematopoietic progenitor cells.
其中一个方面就是，人们认为肿瘤内也有一定数量的干细胞，这些干细胞使得肿瘤能够在其他细胞死亡或被消灭的情况下还能继续生长。
One of these is that they are believed to have a small population of stem cells which keep them going when other cells die or are killed off.
该研究充分体现了从胚胎干细胞创造细胞替换疗法的挑战性。
The research exemplifies the challenges of creating cell replacement therapies from embryonic stem cells.
当我在细胞培皿中发现像干细胞样的细胞时，我非常兴奋。
I was very excited when I found stem cell-like cells in my culture dishes.
检验一个细胞是否是干细胞的方法就是让它单独生长，增殖。
The way to test whether a particular cell is a stem cell, therefore, is to grow it individually.
他们使用更为特殊的干细胞(仅分化为心脏细胞的干细胞)来修复心衰病人的心脏。
They have used more specialised stem cells-ones that spin off only cardiac cells-to repair the hearts of people with heart failure.
在地球上，老鼠干细胞是研究干细胞分化和发育的模型。
On Earth, mouse stem-cell balls are considered a model for understanding how stem cells differentiate and develop.
人们对于iPS细胞，或者干细胞的密切关注，多源于其可以代替受损或患病组织的潜力。
Much of the excitement over iPS cells, and stem cells in general, arises from the possibility that they could replace damaged or diseased tissue.
一些专家认为能杀死大多数癌细胞的药物并不会影响癌干细胞，而干细胞仍能生出肿瘤。
Some experts believe that drugs that kill most tumor cells do not affect cancer stem cells, which can regenerate the tumor.
不过通过借用生物学其他分支的理念，肿瘤学家逐渐相信几乎全部的癌症都与干细胞或者极其类似干细胞的组织有关。
But, borrowing an idea from another part of biology, oncologists are coming to believe that most-possibly all-cancers involve stem cells, or something very like them.
他们从多种病人的身上提取皮肤细胞，并将这些细胞“重编程”为干细胞。
They took skin cells from patients suffering from a variety of diseases and reprogrammed them into stem cells.
研究人员表示，他们能把从诊所或医院里获得的人类血液细胞重组成类似胚胎干细胞功能的细胞。
Human blood cells -taken at doctors' offices or hospitals -can now be reprogrammed into a state like embryonic stem cells, according to researchers.
从人类和老鼠细胞培育的干细胞试验中显示，这些干细胞与胚胎干细胞的表现是一致的。
Tests on stem cells made from human and mouse cells showed they behaved in the same as embryonic stem cells.
作者们发现，缺乏CD 24，这种在免疫细胞和干细胞上表达的膜蛋白的老鼠，产生了比野生型老鼠更强且更致命的炎症反应。
The authors found that mice lacking CD24, a membrane protein expressed by immune and stem cells, developed an inflammatory response that was more powerful and lethal than that in wild-type mice.
因此，我们需要一种替代材料，一种可以再生的材料，我们注意到了胚胎干细胞胚胎干细胞。
So we needed to come up with another source, a renewable source, so we turned our attention to embryonic stem cells.
密歇根州立大学最近一个基于小白鼠的研究发现，萝卜硫素也攻击癌症干细胞——该干细胞是肿瘤生长的帮凶。
A recent University of Michigan study on mice found that sulforaphane also targets cancer stem cells-those that aid in tumor growth.
皮肤细胞可以退化成干细胞，而这种干细胞可长成各种移植组织和器官。
Skin cells can be regressed to make stem cells, which in turn can be grown into a range of replacement tissues and organs.
因为从前没有人使用胚胎干细胞或者从干细胞中获得的细胞用于人自身，FDA会非常慎重。
Because no one has used embryonic stem cells, or the cells derived from these stem cells, in people before, the FDA was particularly cautious.
因为从前没有人使用胚胎干细胞或者从干细胞中获得的细胞用于人自身，FDA会非常慎重。
Because no one has used embryonic stem cells, or the cells derived from these stem cells, in people before, the FDA was particularly cautious.
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