《神经元》杂志上的新研究表明了什么？
腺苷通常会抑制大脑许多区域的神经元活动。
Adenosine normally depresses neuron firing in many areas of the brain.
科学家仍然不知道是什么触发了单侧巨脑畸形神经元的增殖。
Scientists still don't know what triggers the proliferation of neurons in unilateral megalencephaly.
你头脑中的大部分神经元，早在你处于母亲子宫中时就已经拥有。
Most of the neurons you have in your head, you had when you were in your mother's uterus.
该感受器位于下丘脑的一小部分神经元上，一个调节食欲的地方。
This receptor is located on a small set of neurons in the hypothalamus, a region that regulates appetite.
这可能是由于我们大脑中的“镜像神经元”，它会模仿他人的行为。
This may be down to our brain's "mirror neurons", which are known to mimic others' actions.
然后，你的大脑会利用其他神经元将信息发送回你的脚，以迅速甩掉蜜蜂。
Your brain then uses other neurons to send the message back to your foot to shake the bee off quickly.
许多神经递质首先通过增加靶神经元中的循环AMP浓度来发挥其作用。
A number of neurotransmitters exert their effects by first increasing cyclic AMP concentrations in target neurons.
我们现在知道了大脑特定位置的神经元放电模式是人类决策产生的根源所在。
We now know that the decisions humans make can be traced to the firing patterns of neurons in specific parts of the brain.
小脑包含大约三百万个神经元，这也能够让你再次体会到这些系统的复杂性。
The cerebellum contains about three million neurons, which also allows you to once again experience the complexity of these systems.
研究人员随后从切除的脑组织中提取神经元，并将其置于富含血液的培养基中。
The researchers then took neurons from the excised brain matter and placed them in a blood-rich culture medium.
白天，他把老鼠放在迷宫里，记录下老鼠在迷宫中穿行时，神经元以何种模式活动。
He put rats in mazes during the day and recorded what neurons fired in what patterns as the rats negotiated the maze.
像许多其他影响神经元放电的物质一样，腺苷必须首先与神经元膜上的特定受体结合。
Like many other agents that affect neuron firing, adenosine must first bind to specific receptors on neuronal membranes.
《神经元》杂志上的一项新研究表明，一个人只需六周的艰苦训练就能获得超强的记忆力。
New research in the magazine Neuron suggests that a person will get a super memory with just six weeks of hard training.
在实验室里，健康的成年人大脑神经元的寿命通常不超过几个小时，因此不可能被广泛的研究。
In laboratories, healthy adult human brain neurons typically live no more than a few hours, making extensive research impossible.
婴儿大脑的神经元失衡导致癫痫发作，促使外科医生切除了扩大的大脑半球——这种治疗在类似病例中被证明是成功的。
The neuronal imbalance in the brain of the infant caused seizures, prompting surgeons to remove the enlarged hemisphere—a treatment that has proven successful in similar cases.
当异常半球中的神经元在成熟之前经历过多的细胞分裂时，就会发生这种罕见的疾病，即大脑一侧长得比另一侧大得多。
The rare disorder, in which one side of the brain grows substantially larger than the other, occurs when neurons in the abnormal hemisphere undergo too many cell divisions before they mature.
最后，这项实验提出了这样一种可能性，即这种神经元可以用于目前使用胎儿脑细胞的实验治疗，避开了一个令人不安的伦理问题。
Finally, the experiment presents the possibility that such neurons could be used in experimental treatments that currently use fetal brain cells, sidestepping an uncomfortable ethical issue.
科学家称它们为神经元网络。
这些网络围绕着我们的神经元生长。
我们长出的神经元网络越多，我们就能更好地思考和记忆。
The more neuronal networks we grow, the better we can think and the better we remember.
你每在英语课上学一个新单词，每解决一个数学问题，每学会唱一首新歌，你大脑中的神经元网络就会生长，大脑就会发生变化。
For every new word you learn in your English lesson, every problem you solve in maths, every new song you learn to sing, a neuronal network grows in your brain and the brain changes.
此外，科学家无法再生健康的神经元，所以在严重神经紊乱的实验治疗中无法使用神经元。
Furthermore, scientists' inability to reproduce healthy neurons has prevented the use of neurons in experimental treatments of severe neurological disorders.
在约翰霍普金斯大学培养的神经元不同于那些从肿瘤中挑选出来的神经元，它们并没有癌变，因此作为研究工具更具价值。
The neurons cultivated at Johns Hopkins—unlike those culled from tumors are not cancerous, and accordingly are much more valuable as research tools.
它显然是通过抑制神经递质的释放来做到这一点的。神经递质是一种将神经冲动从一个神经元传递到另一个神经元的化学物质。
It apparently does this by inhibiting the release of neurotransmitters, chemicals that carry nerve impulses from one neuron to the next.
在某些假单极神经元中，电脉冲沿轴突从外周传递到胞体。
In certain pseudounipolar neurons, the electrical impulse travels along an axon from the periphery to the cell body.
最显著的神经病理改变是新纹状体中度多刺的神经元的优先丢失。
The most significant neuropathological change is a preferential loss of medium spiny neurons in the neostriatum.
TCP神经元的树突通常分别与轴突末端和突触前树突形成轴突突触和树突突触。
The dendrites of the TCP neurons usually make axodendritic synapses and dendrodendritic synapses with axonal terminals and presynaptic dendrites, respectively.
目的是观察大鼠脊髓前角神经元内维生素 D 依赖性钙结合蛋白（CB）与小白蛋白（PV）的共存情况。
The objective is to observe the co-existence of calbindin-D28k (CB) with parvalbumin (PV) in neurons of the anterior horn of the spinal cord in rats.
我们能够解释这些神经元在说什么。
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