用户栈中每个的Automator其他顶尖的行动。
最上面是用户空间层，或称为应用层，其中定义了网络栈的用户。
At the top is the user space layer, or application layer, which defines the users of the network stack.
首先，用户手工配置带有多个插件(每个插件都有其自己的依赖和兼容性问题)的软件栈已经变得日益困难。
First, it has become increasingly difficult for users to manually configure a software stack with multiple plugins that each have their own dependencies and compatibility concerns.
从远程节点接收到的事件不包含用户、进程信息或栈追踪，即使事件创造器支持。
Events received from a remote node do not include user or process information or stack trace, even if the event producer supports it.
API对蓝牙A2DP和HSP配置的支持使得应用可以查询连接的蓝牙设备所提供的蓝牙协定、音频栈等，并通知用户。
API support for Bluetooth A2DP and HSP profiles lets applications query Bluetooth profiles for connected devices, audio state, and more, then notify the user.
看到这些时—报告的一些问题可能由用户错误引起—您必须小心的使用，但是如果您考虑标准化一个特定栈，这也是有价值的。
You need to use care when looking at these - some of the problems reported may be caused by user errors - but it's a worthwhile exercise if you're considering standardizing on a particular stack.
除此之外，每个栈的开发人员响应源自用户遇到的安全性配置或者互操作性问题的bug报告。
Other than that, the developers for each stack respond to bug reports from users encountering security configuration or interoperability issues.
调用栈将异常传递给catch块，异常正是通过这种方式被返回给用户的。
The call stack passes the exception to the catch block, and that is how it gets returned to the user.
这些栈都是从操作系统分配给Domino的2GB内存中分配的，因此Domino 6可以支持的NRPC用户的数量就限制为3000。
These stacks are allocated from the 2 GB of memory that the operating system gives Domino, thereby limiting the number of NRPC users Domino 6 can support to 3000.
因为配置十分困难，用户被迫陷入一个拥有他们“可能”需要的所有工具的“超级栈”，或者陷入几个较小的、有安装冗余的自定义栈。
Since the configuration is so difficult, users have been forced into "super stacks" of either all the tools they "might" need, or several smaller, customized stacks with install redundancies.
始终在调用栈的最高层(api层)启动事务有时会效率低下，特别是对于具有高用户吞吐量和高数据库并发性需求的应用程序。
Always starting transactions at the highest level in the call stack (the API layer) can be inefficient, particularly in cases of high-user-throughput and high-database-concurrency needs.
例如，Linda说，如果用户试图将null放到栈上，那么栈应该抛出一个异常。
For instance, Linda stated that a stack should throw an exception if a user attempted to place null onto it.
该方案消除了TCP/IP协议栈的软件开销，也减少了核态与用户态的数据拷贝和上下文切换的开销。
The scheme removes the software overheads of TCP/IP protocols and reduces the overheads of context switching and data copying between the kernel and user levels.
栈通常迫使用户程序以中断发生的同样顺序从中断点返回。
The stack normally forces users to return from interrupts in the same order that interrupts occurred.
栈中最底部的是任务的起始活动——一般是用户在滑出的程序列表中选择启动的活动。
The root activity in the stack is the one that began the task — typically, it's an activity the user selected in the application launcher.
当用户按下BACK键后，正在运行的活动被弹出栈，旧一个恢复成为正在运行的活动。
When the user presses the BACK key, the current activity is popped from the stack, and the previous one resumes as the running activity.
论文提出了一个三层网络子系统结构：内核级协议无关层、内核级协议相关层和用户级协议栈。
We carry out a three layers network subsystem structure that is protocol independent layer in kernel, protocol dependent layer in kernel and user level protocol stack.
设计了一个栈式命令处理系统，便于实现异常复杂的用户交互命令。
A command system with stack structure is designed to process very complex interactive commands of users.
一旦内核调度进程执行，它就设置栈和堆，前者从用户空间的顶部向下增长，后者从可执行映像的尾部向上增长。
Once the kernel schedules the process for execution, it sets the stack to grow down from the top of user space, and the heap to grow up from the end of the executable image.
本文所作主要工作为引入了SIP协议，设计了SIP协议栈，并有SIP用户代理的粗步实现；
The article introduce SIP protocol, design stack of sip and realize sip user proxy;
随着用户为云存储付费意愿的消退，价值将会使栈上移至新的可以解决功能性挑战的应用。
As the willingness to pay for cloud storage evaporates, value will shift up the stack to new apps that solve functional challenges.
由于协议栈的三个功能实体属于不同的运行环境，因此协议栈为用户提供可定制功能接口，用户可以根据需求运行相应的功能实体。
Three functionality entities belong to different running environments, so the MIPv6 stack provides customized functionality interface to users, then users can run the proper entity as their needs.
由于协议栈的三个功能实体属于不同的运行环境，因此协议栈为用户提供可定制功能接口，用户可以根据需求运行相应的功能实体。
Three functionality entities belong to different running environments, so the MIPv6 stack provides customized functionality interface to users, then users can run the proper entity as their needs.
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