本文主要叙述激光卫星通信的特点，介绍美国、欧洲和日本的激光卫星通信计划。
This paper outlines the advantages of laser satcom and summarizes the status of relevant projects in USA, Europe and Japan.
美军指挥官报告说，中国定期向空中发射强力激光，展示他们有能力迷惑或致盲卫星。
American commanders report that China regularly fires powerful lasers into the sky, demonstrating their ability to dazzle or blind satellites.
科学家在综合美国国家航空航天局（NASA）卫星图像和激光（扫描）数据的基础上，绘制出了世界上第一幅展示森林林木高度的地图。
Using a combination of NASA satellite images and laser data, scientists have produced a first-of-its kind map that details the height of the world’s forests.
这项比赛昨天不得不几次暂停，因为对着升降装置瞄准的大功率激光可能会损坏卫星。
The competition had to pause at times yesterday because of fears that the powerful lasers aimed at the elevators could disrupt overhead satellites.
卫星遇到地球上发射的激光，会暂时失明。
Satellites can be temporarily blinded with lasers fired from earth.
最后，盖茨削减了卫星、核直升机、激光发射大型喷气式客机的原型、未来作战系统的卡车、以及最具象征意义的F - 22。
In the end, Gates cut the satellites, the nuke-proof helicopter, the laser-firing jumbo jet prototype, the Future Combat Systems trucks, and, most symbolic, the F-22.
产生磁场后额外的能量转化为红外激光，激光指向地球上收集能量用的卫星天线。
Any current not needed for the magnetic field powers an infrared laser trained on satellite dishes back on Earth, designed to collect the energy.
部分激光经大气中的云和粒子反射，回到卫星。
Some of the light bounces off clouds and particles in the atmosphere and returns to the satellite.
在致导激光仪的协助下，发射器可将带有卫星定位系统且外壳附有环氧黏着剂的迷你跟踪设备投射并牢牢黏附到目标车辆上，这样警方就可以在不危及公众安全的前提下对嫌犯车辆进行追踪。
With the help of a guiding laser, it shoots a satellite-based tracking device, smothered in epoxy goo, onto the target vehicle, allowing the police to track the suspect without endangering the public.
欧洲太空机构(ESA)的安全主管ErwinDuhamel称，过去几年，法国卫星被来自中国的激光“强光”攻击了数次。
In the past few years French satellites have been hit several times with "dazzle" strikes from lasers in China, says Erwin Duhamel, head of security at the European Space Agency (ESA).
美国宇航局NASA目前正在打算利用激光给环绕在地球周围的太空垃圾来一次大扫除，目的是为了防止他们与卫星发生碰撞。
Nasa is considering using lasers to deflect space junk around Earth and stop it colliding with satellites.
这颗卫星利用地面对激光的反射，让研究人员以极高的精度测量地形。
The satellite bounces laser light off the ground, allowing researchers to measure the terrain with extraordinary precision.
当潜艇地100米海底时，要建立安全的通信链路，把光子激光发射到卫星上去，再由卫星转发回基地。
To establish a secure link while remaining 100 metres underwater, submarines could transmit photons of laser light to satellites, for retransmission to base.
但一束激光强光可能会烧坏卫星上的光敏传感器，造成永久损害。
But a powerful laser could probably burn sensitive optical sensors on a satellite, doing permanent damage.
仍在研究当中的众多技术——比如，可以摧毁正处于空中飞升阶段的导弹的高功率激光技术——将可以应用到进行反卫星作战。
A host of technologies under research, such as high-powered lasers to destroy missiles rising through the air, could be applied to anti-satellite warfare.
美国正在进行通过激光进行卫星对卫星通信的试验，它可以携带更多的数据，并且与无线电波相比不大容易受到干扰。
America is experimenting with satellite-to-satellite communication by laser, which can carry more data and is less prone to interference than radio waves.
激光雷达的光脉冲返回卫星所消耗的时间提供了大气中云或者粒子的位置信息。
The length of time the lidar’s light pulse takes to return to the satellite provides information about where the clouds or particles are in the atmosphere.
去年9月，有报道透露中国已用高能激光束对准美国间谍卫星，其目的显然是为了测试让这些卫星“失明”的能力。
Last September, reports emerged that China had been pointing high-powered lasers at American spy satellites. The apparent aim was to test an ability to blind them.
其中的一颗卫星，美国宇航局的icesat就携带着一个激光高度探测仪来探测冰面的高度。
One such satellite, NASA's ICESat, carries a laser altimeter to measure the height of the ice surface.
美国的卫星遭遇了地面上发射的激光的破坏。
American satellites have been "dazzled" by lasers fired from the ground.
此前对于极地地区的卫星调查使用的是雷达测距技术，在对地球表面进行测绘时难以达到此次ICE卫星的激光测距仪的精度。
Polar regions have relied upon radar measurements that cannot map the Earth's surface with the same precision as the ICESat laser rangefinder.
作为美国国家航空航天局和法国国家太空研究中心(FrenchCentre Nationald'Etudes Spatiales,CNES)的一项联合任务，CALIPSO卫星携带着一部脉冲激光器(激光雷达)，向大气中发射短脉冲激光。
A joint mission between NASA and the French Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), CALIPSO carries a pulsating laser (lidar) that sends short pulses of light through the atmosphere.
该卫星是下降到只有一个业务激光(三出)，并更换这颗卫星-II将不会发射至少到2014年。
That satellite is down to just one operational laser (out of three), and the replacement ICESat-II won't launch until at least 2014.
激光时间传递是通过激光脉冲在空间的传播来实现地面与卫星时钟或地球上远距离两地时钟的同步。
Time transfer by laser pulses is based on the propagation of light pulses between satellite and ground clocks or between remote clocks on THC Earth.
同时还讨论了在地面和卫星的激光时间比对实验中由于地球自转效应的相对论改正问题，提出了一种实用计算公式。
The relativistic correction due to earth rotation for both terrestrial and satellite time comparison experiments via laser pulses has been discussed and a practical calculation formula is proposed.
目的：观察低功率激光照射对急性骨骼肌顿挫伤大鼠肌卫星细胞增殖活性的影响。
The purpose is to observe the effect of low energy laser on proliferative activity of muscle satellite cells in rat muscle contusion model.
目的：观察低功率激光照射对急性骨骼肌顿挫伤大鼠肌卫星细胞增殖活性的影响。
The purpose is to observe the effect of low energy laser on proliferative activity of muscle satellite cells in rat muscle contusion model.
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