挡土墙土压力分布是非线性的，填土滑裂面通常为曲面。
The distribution of passive earth pressure against retaining wall is nonlinear, and the sliding surface in soil is usually a curve.
而搜索临界滑裂面的过程，采用粒子群法或和声法搜索最危险滑动面。
For locating the critical failure surface, the particle swarm or the harmony method is used, which is an upper bound approach.
用条分法分别确定出抗滑安全系数，安全系数最小的就是最危险滑裂面。
The slip fracture plane with minimum safety coefficient is the most dangerous one .
本方法可以确定三维滑裂面形状和安全系数，同时可研究滑坡的宽度效应。
The method given in the paper can be used to determine the sliding surface shape and the safety factor, and enables one to study width effects of the sliding collapse.
利用遗传模拟退火算法结合瑞典圆弧法，寻找最危险滑裂面进行边坡稳定分析。
A methodology of most dangerous sliding surface search and slope stability analysis is proposed by combining mixed genetic-simulated annealing algorithms with Sweden arc method.
该法从地基极限承载力的普朗德尔·瑞斯纳解答的滑裂面出发，建立基本破坏模式。
The basic wreck model is founded according to Prandtl-Reissner solution of ultimate bearing capacity of foundation.
在分析滑动本质的基础上，提出通过搜索剪应变最大的点以确定临界滑裂面的方法。
The method can simultaneously determine the minimum safety factor and the corresponding most dangerous slip surface.
该方法利用有限元方法计算土体单元的应力应变，根据破坏单元直接确定临界滑裂面。
In the method the critical sliding surface is found by thinking about the stress moving of damaged points according to strain and stress that is computed by finite-element method.
结果表明：该商业软件未能搜索到最危险滑裂面，其结果对稳定性评价是偏于不安全的。
It was shown that the most dangerous sliding-plane could not be found out and its evaluation on stability was unsafe by using the commercial software.
该方法克服了三维极限平衡分析方法在理论上引入较多假设条件，且搜索临界滑裂面困难的问题；
This method overcome the problems of many supposition conditions in theory and difficulty in searching critical slip surface in 3D limiting equilibrium analysis;
对滑裂面固定的边坡进行削坡时，关键在于何处削坡使得土方量最小且边坡具有预期的稳定程度。
The key to the cutting method on a slope with a fixed slide surface is where to cut in order to obtain the minimum earthwork and make the slope reach an anticipated stability.
岩体与土体失稳的滑裂面形状大多具有三维特征，用二维极限平衡理论难以得到与实际相应的分析结果。
The sliding surface of rock or soil block usually appears three-dimensional feature, so, the 2-D limit equilibrium method is not good to analyze the block stability.
采用平面和对数螺旋滑裂面的单滑块机制，对典型的二维土压力问题进行分析，其结果说明该方法的有效性。
For single block mechanism, such as plane and log-spiral slip surface, the validity of this method has been verified by a typical two-dimensional example.
考虑滑裂面上填土的粘聚力及填土与墙背接触面上的粘着力，推得了粘性填土挡墙上的主动土压力计算公式。
A formula of active earth pressure on retaining wall was proposed which considers the cohesion force on sliding plane and the adhesive force on interface of soil and retaining wall.
路基边坡稳定性评价的关键是如何确定最危险滑裂面的位置并计算与之相对应的安全系数，是非线性优化问题。
The key problem of stability analysis of roadbed slope is how to determine the most dangerous sliding circle and calculate the minimum safety factor, this is a nonlinear problem.
基于极限平衡理论及平面滑裂面假定，在考虑土黏聚力及放坡角度的基础上，推导了平面滑裂面剪切破坏角的数学表达式。
Based on the limit equilibrium theory and the hypothesis of planar sliding surface, a formula for calculating the Angle of shear failure was deduced considering cohesion and cut slope Angle.
研究结果表明，对于无约束的天然边坡，自重作用下其安全系数受流动法则的影响较小，而滑裂面的位置随流动法则的不同而不同；
The study indicates that the flow rule has small influence on the stability of the slope without restriction; however, the critical slip surface may be different.
为此本文根据实验研究的结果，建立了新的滑裂面计算模型，推导出了土压力计算公式，并被实测结果所验证，可供管道工程设计参考。
Accordingly, this paper constructs a new model of slipping interface and presents calculating formulas, which can be used as reference for that it has been validated bye...
该方法考虑土的应力应变关系和土坡失稳的破坏形式，从分析土坡应力分布的变化入手，直接确定临界滑裂面的位置，进而计算土坡总体安全系。
Beginning at the analysis of variation of stress distribution of a slop, the location of critical slip surface is directly determined, and the globe safety factor is calculated.
对于支挡设计中滑裂面角度，通过对多种土体参数和边坡参数变化结果的对比分析得出一些定性分析的有用结论，相信会对指导工程实践有所帮助。
Some conclusions from qualitative analysis have been obtained by comparing the results with variation of parameters for soil bodies and slopes. It will be helpful to the engineering practice.
该程序操作简便，适用于多岩土层非均质任意形状滑裂面边坡稳定分析，具有边坡稳定确定性分析和逆可靠度分析两大功能，便于计算结果的比较分析。
The program can use the inverse reliability method and Limit equilibrium method to evaluate stability of slope with multilayer and arbitrary slip surface. It facilitates comparison of results.
断裂的活动具有早期张裂、中晚期剪切走滑与正反转活动的特点。
Early tension fracture, middle shear strike slipping or normal overturning occurred during the movement.
南海地区新生代沉积盆地有四类：张裂盆地、走滑拉张盆地、前陆盆地和前弧盆地。
There have four kind of basins in the South China Sea area: rifting basin, strike-slip rifting basin, fore-land basin and fore-arc basin.
在完成充挤压充填作业之后上提服务工具，一次性关闭本层留井管柱上的监测滑套和压裂滑套。
Upon completion of the treatment, the service tool was repositioned to close the monitoring sleeve and the frac sleeve in one upward movement.
在完成充挤压充填作业之后上提服务工具，一次性关闭本层留井管柱上的监测滑套和压裂滑套。
Upon completion of the treatment, the service tool was repositioned to close the monitoring sleeve and the frac sleeve in one upward movement.
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