悬浮液中的胶体球在一定条件下能够自组装成二维胶体晶体，以此为掩膜可合成纳米颗粒阵列体系，其颗粒形状、尺寸以及间距等参数易于控制。
In the nanoparticle array synthesized by taking the colloid crystal as the lithography mask, the shapes, sizes, spacing and even compositions of the particles can be controlled easily.
介绍磷化工艺过程中的工艺管理，如磷化液的分析，磷化膜的检测和质量控制等。
Process control of phosphating including analysis of the solution, inspection and quality control of the film is described.
结果表明，动力学吸附过程为液膜扩散控制；
The results show that the adsorption kinetic is controlled by liquid film diffusion.
本文认为毛细管的相变传热机理为液膜的导热和表面蒸发；表面蒸发受蒸汽温度、汽液界面的温度以及汽液压力差的共同控制。
In this paper, it is believed that the heat transfer mechanism of phase change in a capillary tube belongs to liquid film conduction and surface evaporation.
静态吸附结果表明：吸附属于液膜扩散控制机理；
The results showed that the sorption was controlled by the liquid film diffusion;
吸附交换速率主要受液膜扩散控制；
The exchange-adsorption rate is mainly controlled by liquid film diffusion;
通过膜孔径、膜材料、膜结构、组件结构、料液温度、流速和压力的控制可以减轻或控制污染。
The fouling can be diminished by controlling membrane pore size, module structure, flow speed and the temperature of feed solution as well as the pressure.
采用控制容积法将模型推导出的液滴和液膜的传质方程离散化，并分别给出了其数值解法。
The mass-transfer equations of the liquid-drop and liquid-film in the model are disintegrated by the method of controlled-volume. The numerical methods of solution are also presented.
采用控制容积法将模型推导出的液滴和液膜的传质方程离散化，并分别给出了其数值解法。
The mass-transfer equations of the liquid-drop and liquid-film in the model are disintegrated by the method of controlled-volume. The numerical methods of solution are also presented.
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