“挑战与应战”的原理是汤因比文明忧患论的积极发挥。

Toynbee starts from suffering of civilization in his study on history and puts forward the theory of "Challenge and Response."

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“挑战与应战”的原理是汤因比文明忧患论的积极发挥。

Toynbee starts from suffering of civilization in his study on history and puts forward the theory of "Challenge and Response."

youdao