事件添加了一个抽象的抽象层和对委托的保护，这种保护防止委托的委托造成重置委托以及调用列表。
Events adds a layer of abstraction and protection on delegate, this protection prevents client of the delegate from resetting the delegate and invocation list.
他们从抽象的思想开始，讨论它，相互提醒着在匆忙事件中被遗忘的另一个抽象概念。
They began with abstract thought, discussed it, reminded each other of another abstract point forgotten in the rush of events.
在这个部分中，我们定义了“抽象级别”，并介绍了对soa来说最关键的抽象级别。
In this section, we define "level of abstraction" and introduce those levels of abstractions which that are critical to SOA.
可扩展框架——将通用功能和特性抽象为松耦合的抽象类和接口，可以扩展这些类和接口以提供应用程序特定的实现。
Extensible framework - Common functions and features are abstracted as loosely coupled abstract classes and interfaces, which can be extended to provide application-specific implementations.
就你的设计而言，你希望能提出一些关键的抽象，然后其他的代码只要负责和这些抽象，而非具体实现进行互相作用。
For your design you want to come up with key abstractions, and then you want to have your other code just interact with those abstractions, not with the specific implementations.
更深入的概念，如抽象关联，或者抽象继承，也是RDL语言的一部分，但是本文将不作介绍。
Advanced concepts like abstract relations, or relation inheritance, are also part of the RDL language, but they will not be covered in this article.
通过列出soa上下文中的重要抽象级别，这个部分描述了抽象的含义，以及它如何与SOA相关联。
This section describes what abstraction means and how it relates to SOA by listing levels that are important in an SOA context.
声明抽象方法的任何类本身必须是声明为抽象的。
Any class that declares an abstract method must itself be declared abstract.
帮助跟踪抽象：它应当可能由较低层次的抽象层跟踪到较高层次的抽象层。
Helps trace abstractions: It should be possible to trace lower levels of abstractions to higher levels.
而控制的抽象就是活动的抽象。
尽管业务处理层次为出现在业务处理中的真实抽象建立了模型，这个层次将抽象建模为其在系统中所要被表示的那样。
Whereas the business process level modeled the real-world abstractions that appear in the business processes, this level models the abstractions as they are to be represented inside the system.
就像uml模型是应用程序架构的抽象一样，数据模型表示信息模型的抽象。
Like UML models that are abstractions of the application architecture, data models represent the abstraction of the information model.
到目前为止，您已注意到模式的概念通常用于提供某个建议的解决方案的抽象视图，然后您可以将该抽象视图与特定的实现联系起来。
By now, you will have noticed that the concept of patterns is often used to provide an abstract view of a proposed solution, which you can then link with a specific implementation.
不要让抽象的消费者依赖于除过那个抽象的公共契约的任何东西。
Don't let the consumer of an abstraction depend on anything but the public contract of that abstraction.
使用MDD可在质量和效率上都有所提高，因为较低级别的抽象是从较高抽象级别的模型得到的，而低级别的抽象最终将用于生成代码。
Using MDD allows for quality and productivity gains because models at lower levels of abstractions are generated from models at higher levels of abstraction, which eventually lead to code generation.
同样，使用物理原料实现一个抽象的模型包含了从抽象到具体的非正式转换。
Similarly, implementing an abstract model using physical materials involves an informal transformation from the abstract into the concrete.
这类事物，我们可能需要称作或认为是抽象的现实，或抽象的性质。
The sort of thing that perhaps we might call or think of as abstract objects or abstract properties.
MDD方法还支持可跟踪性，通常是从低抽象级到高抽象级的跟踪。
The MDD approach also allows traceability, which is basically going from lower to higher levels of abstraction.
我发现，从具体的实例入手然后再把它重构成一个抽象的例子是非常容易的；反之，如果从抽象的例子入手而把它应用到具体的案例中，则要困难 得多。
I found it much easier to do the concrete example first, then refactor that to the abstract example, than to come up with the abstract example first and then apply that to the concrete case.
影响分析就是分析潜在变更在整个抽象层以及抽象的每个层面对一个系统的影响的分析能力。
Impact analysis is the ability to analyze the potential impact of a change to a system through all levels of abstraction, as well as within each level of abstraction.
实际上，它只是关于如何在抽象之上构建抽象的过程。
Really, though, it's just about building abstractions on top of abstractions.
继承抽象类的子类必须实现在其父类或自身中声明为抽象的所有抽象方法。
A child class that extends an abstract class must implement all abstract methods in its parent or itself be declared abstract.
通常有一些关键的抽象会作为整个设计的中心，围绕这些抽象你可以完成不同的事情。
There are some key abstractions you often see as a design center, and around those key abstractions you want to achieve various things.
因此欲观察抽象的负面情绪、抽象的情绪，是很难的事，必须先从外在的情境中脱离出来。
It is very difficult to observe any abstract negativity, abstract emotion, divorced from the external object which originally caused it to arise.
问题是，一个“堆”的抽象就仅是一个抽象而已。
The problem is that the abstraction of one "heap" is just that, an abstraction.
流程抽象：怎样能够提供更高级的抽象来识别并链接到调用的服务实现？
Process abstraction: How can a higher level of abstraction be provided to identify and link to the service implementation for invocation?
因为难以辨认语言所能表达的抽象或是具体的东西(亦不能理解抽象表达的意义)，所以对机器人来说语言是一个十分困难的概念。
Language is a tough concept for robots, as words can convey the abstract as well as the concrete and robots have trouble knowing the difference (and grasping the abstract).
有两种抽象层：硬件抽象层及平台抽象层，前者的必要性显而易见，而后者的目的是充分利用平台所提供的最佳特性。
There are two kinds of abstraction layers: a hardware one, and its necessity is obvious, then there is a platform abstraction layer to make use of the best features a platform provides.
现代世界的奇迹很大程度上是由抽象货币铸造而成，与黄金无关。因为抽象货币有黄金无法复制的特征。
The miracles of the modern world weren't wrought by gold; they were wrought in large part by abstract money, because it has an attribute that gold can't mimic.
通用语言中的传统的抽象机制，如方法和类，已不足以满足建立新的抽象层次的需要。
Conventional abstraction mechanisms of general purpose programming languages such as methods and classes, are no longer sufficient for creating new abstraction layers.
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