计算机对于将基因组拼接成整体也没有限制。
可以将基因看做细胞生长与行使功能的说明书。
Think of your genes as an instruction manual for cell growth and function.
将基因方法应用于网格结点位置的优化中。
The application of genetic algorithms (GAs) in the optimization of mesh node location is discussed.
为了将基因遗传给下一代，大多数动物都需要配偶。
To pass their genes along to the next generation, most animals need to partner.
“我们真的不知道如何用物种的概念将基因测序中的差异等同起来，”他说。
"We really don't know how to equate differences in genome sequences with the species concept," he said.
Seymour博士说，早年，人们误认为将基因材料引入疾病细胞很容易。
In the early days, says Dr Seymour, people wrongly thought that it would be easy to introduce genetic material into diseased cells.
但是他们表示，尚没有足够证据支持将基因改造后的生物体从实验室释放到自然界。
But, they say, there is not enough evidence to support the release of modified organisms from the laboratory into nature.
但是，这种更新的技术需要利用病毒将基因转入皮肤细胞，这增加了发生肿瘤的风险。
But the newer technique involves putting genes into the skin cells using viruses, which also raises a risk of cancer.
生物技术公司将基因——正是生命的本原——申请了专利，科学家们则担心这将危及基础性研究的开展。
Biotechnology companies patent genes, the very stuff of life, while scientists worry that this risks compromising basic research.
最近，植物育种家利用生物技术将基因导入玉米中，能生产出含有更多高质量氨基酸的玉米。
Recently plant breeders have used several biotechnology tools to put genes into corn that result in more quality-boosting amino acids in the corn kernel.
如果能识别出真核基因序列中的剪接位点，则可以将基因中的表达区域和非表达区域区分开。
If we can distinguish the real splice sites of the eukaryotic DNA sequence, the expressed regions and non-expressed regions of the eukaryotic DNA sequences will be detected.
他们使用一种新方法将基因分类，发现XOR在基因目录的顶端，这符合对脂肪驱动因子的描述。
Using a novel method to rank genes, they found that XOR was at the top of the list of genes that fit the profile of a fat generator.
通过将未婚的男性跟他们的已婚双胞胎手足进行比较，能够将基因问题排除，并且使你更可能揭示环境的影响。
Comparing an unmarried man with his married identical twin takes genetics out of the equation and makes it more likely that you're uncovering environmental effects.
而科学家也必须确定他们将基因拿掉只是暂时性的，否则细胞可能会无止境地不断生长，进而造成癌细胞的产生。
Scientists still need to ensure that they can deactivate those genes only temporarily; otherwise he muscle cells may start to divide uncontrollably, leading to cancer.
罗宾·邓巴教授，这项研究者之一，说道：“这是第一次将基因进化时间深度应用到脑部进化的研究中。”
Prof Robin Dunbar, co-author of the study, said: ‘For the first time, it has been possible to provide a genuine evolutionary time depth to the study of brain evolution.
这种多聚物是在2000年报道过的能够有效的将基因传递给特殊细胞的载体的基础之上经过改造得到的。
The polymers are improved versions of materials first described in 2000 that deliver genes efficiently to specific cells.
数年前，他提炼出一种技术，可以将基因网络“毛团”——对基因交互作用密集纠结的描绘——转化成分层图。
Several years ago, he refined a technique for turning gene-network "hairballs" - densely tangled depictions of gene interaction - into hierarchical maps.
虽然基因治疗的整体取得了很大的进展，但人们仍然需要开发更好的和更安全的将基因注入细胞的注射方式。
Despite the overall progress, there is still a need to develop improved and safer approaches to deliver genes into cells.
尽管这通常注定某个细胞的基因无法传给下一代，但却使得联合形成生物体可以间接地将基因成功遗传给下一代。
Though this often doomed an individual cell's own genes, it gave rise to a co-operative organism that successfully passed those genes on indirectly.
我们和其他许多研究者一样，选用病毒做为运送基因的工具(或称载体)，因为病毒擅长将基因夹带进入细胞。
Like many other researches, we selected a virus as our delivery vehicle, or vector, because viruses are skilled at smuggling genes into cells.
方法：将基因内翻译起始序列合成后克隆到上游含有起始密码和无起始密码的报告质粒中，研究表达水平的差异。
Methods:One of the three internal translation initiation region(TIR) was chemically synthesized and cloned into the report plasmid, and the expression of the report gene was studied.
他们发现当NRF2消失时，将基因信息翻译变成蛋白质的过程在很大程度上受氧化剂和抗氧化剂之间平衡的影响，但仅限于癌细胞。
They found that when NRF2 was missing, the process of translating messages from the genes into proteins was highly affected by the oxidant and antioxidant balance, but only in the cancerous cells.
在这个解剖台上，研究人员还会附上基因的活动信息——一个细胞将基因翻译成RNA(脱氧核糖核酸已经经常会伴随有的蛋白质分子的过程)。
On this anatomical scaffold researchers will overlay information about gene activity-the genes a cell translates into RNA transcripts and then often protein molecules.
巴尔·巴斯的团队为了证实这一原理，他们在人体细胞中植入了他们的ZFR能辨识的基因，然后利用重组酶将基因植入到基因组细胞中。
As proof of principle, Barbas's team has taken human cells and inserted a gene that their ZFR would recognise. They then used the recombinase to insert the gene into the cells' genome.
合成生物学是指将基因联合起来构建人工网络的过程。这门学科具有广泛的应用前景，包括探测毒性化学物质，建立生物燃料以及制备新药。
Synthetic biology, the process of combining genes to create artificial networks, holds promise for numerous applications, including sensing toxic chemicals, creating biofuels and generating new drugs.
当科学家们将基因与特定疾病联系在一起的时候，往往不知道这些基因起什么作用——这些基因能产生何种蛋白质或控制哪个过程——还有什么因素会促使它们开或闭，激活或睡眠。
When scientists connect a gene to a disease, they often don't know what that gene does-the protein it makes or the process it regulates-or what factors turn it on or off, up or down.
再看看乔纳森·罗斯博格(JonathanRothberg)，是2011年另一个技术先锋IonTorrentSystems公司47岁的创办人。该公司致力于将基因测序技术带到每一个实验室或诊所。
Take Jonathan Rothberg, the 47-year-old founder of ion Torrent Systems, another 2011 tech Pioneer, which promises to put gene sequencing technology within reach of any lab or clinic.
再看看乔纳森·罗斯博格(JonathanRothberg)，是2011年另一个技术先锋IonTorrentSystems公司47岁的创办人。该公司致力于将基因测序技术带到每一个实验室或诊所。
Take Jonathan Rothberg, the 47-year-old founder of ion Torrent Systems, another 2011 tech Pioneer, which promises to put gene sequencing technology within reach of any lab or clinic.
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