他们综合日射日光、海洋和大气的成分及流通的有关数据，模拟影响地球气候变化的过程。
They crunch Numbers that simulate the processes that drive Earth's climate, like incoming sunlight and the circulation and composition of the ocean and atmosphere.
我们实际上改变了地球大气层的化学成分。
We have literally altered the chemistry of our planet's atmosphere.
当然，二氧化碳与温度的相关性并不能确定是大气成分的变化导致了气候变暖或变冷的趋势，还是它们本身造成的。
The correlation of carbon dioxide with temperature, of course, does not establish whether changes in atmospheric composition caused the warming and cooling trends or were caused by them.
这个谜题的答案在于早期光合生命形式的新陈代谢活动，这种活动缓慢但一定改变了地球大气的化学成分。
The answer to this riddle lies in the metabolic activity of early photosynthetic life-forms that slowly but surely transformed the chemical composition of Earth's atmosphere.
通过研究这些成分，科学家们获得了气候的许多方面的详细档案，包括空气温度、降雪和大气中温室气体的浓度。
By studying these components, scientists have obtained a detailed archive of many aspects of climate, including air temperatures, snowfall, and concentrations of greenhouses gases in the atmosphere.
第二，它含有吸湿的成分（像甘油），这可以吸收大气中的水分并让水分紧紧附在你的皮肤上。
Second, it contains ingredients that are hygroscropic (like glycerin) that can attract water from the atmosphere and bind it to your skin.
微粒的飞溅不仅在水星上空形成了一个超级稀薄的大气层（更准确的说是外大气层），而且还改变了水星地表的颜色，反射比，以及化学成分。
The impacts also change the colour, reflectance and chemistry of the surface over time.
通过将光谱仪对准这些光线，科学家们将可以梳理出这颗行星的大气层成分。
By training a spectrograph on this light, scientists can tease out the composition of the planet's atmosphere.
随着仪器精度的提高，我们应该可以从这颗行星那里了解到有关其大气和成分的宝贵信息，以此类推，还可以了解到其他恒星系的特性。
As the precision of our instruments improve, we should be able to learn some incredible information about the planet's atmosphere and composition, and, by extension, the nature of other solar systems.
然而天文学家们首次观察就能分析出这颗地球般大小的行星的大气成分。
This is the first time, however, that astronomers have been able to analyze the atmosphere of an Earth-size planet.
不同的仪器可以探测到大气层中不同层次的成分，因此最终的化学成分图要待到他们收集了所有的信息才能出来。
These different instruments also probe different layers of the atmosphere so that ultimately a picture of the chemistry going on between them can be gleaned.
这种气体中的某些成分，比如铅，不仅污染大气，而且对人类身体健康也确实产生害处。
Some of the contents of this gas, such as lead, not only pollute the atmosphere but cause actual harm to the health of people.
令人费解的是，二氧化碳理应像在其他行星那样成为大气的主要成分，却仅仅是一种示踪气体。
Carbon dioxide is inexplicably a mere trace gas when it should be the bulk of the air, as it is on other planets.
而地球向太空所辐射的能量多少，则在于大气层中空气成分构成，尤其是温室气体的含量大小。
The amount of energy emitted by the Earth depends significantly on the chemical composition of the atmosphere, particularly the amount of heat-trapping greenhouse gases.
我们的主要矿物燃料包括——煤，石油和汽油——他们的组成成分都包括碳，它已经在我们的地球积压了数百万年，我们现在将它使用和燃烧，让它快速的归还到大气中。
Our main fossil fuels — coal, petroleum and gasoline — are made up of carbon that has been compressed in the Earth for millions of years and we're now burning and rapidly restoring to the atmosphere.
到目前为止，科学家仅能利用环绕地球飞行的哈勃或斯皮策太空望远镜，来分析如此遥远星球的大气层成分。
Until now, scientists have only been able to analyse the atmospheres of such distant worlds using the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes, which are in orbit around the Earth.
在这一刹那，恒星发出的光会穿透行星的大气，天文学家得以研究产生的波长，并推断行星大气的化学成分。
In those brief moments, the light from the star would flow through the planet's atmosphere, allowing astronomers to study the wavelengths produced and infer the atmosphere's chemical composition.
人类分析这个”超级地球”的大气成分还是首次——分析的还不完美。
The atmosphere of a "super Earth" has been analyzed for the first time—and it ain't pretty.
理论上，大气中二氧化碳含量增多会使作物生长加快，实际上，还要看土壤中所含氮成分的多少。
In theory extra carbon dioxide in the atmosphere should help plants grow faster, though whether this actually happens may also depend on the amount of nitrogen in the soil.
只要其中有行星表现出适合居住的可能性，科学家就将对其表面大气层的化学成分进行生物特征方面的研究。
And if any seem habitable, scientists will study the chemical content of their atmospheres for the hallmarks of biology.
“如果确实是这样的话，那么你能够把太阳能的组成部分纳入，然后把它和分馏出来哦氪气混合，然后就可以获得现在大气层中的各项组成成分。”Pepin这样解释道。
"It so happens that if you bring a solar component in and mix it with that fractionated krypton, you get the present atmospheric composition," Pepin explains.
海卫一温度极低(约为- 235摄氏度，一个大气压下- 210度左右氮气凝固——译者注)，以至其大部分的氮气都凝聚到了其表面形成霜，这使海卫一成为太阳系内唯一一颗以“氮冰”为主要地表成分的星球。
Triton is so cold that most of its nitrogen is condensed as frost, making it the only satellite in the solar system known to have a surface made mainly of nitrogen ice.
有机碳是保持土壤健康的重要成分，同时也影响着大气中的二氧化碳浓度。
Organic carbon is an important component of soil health and also influences atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
有机碳是保持土壤健康的重要成分，同时也影响着大气中的二氧化碳浓度。
Organic carbon is an important component of soil health and also influences atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.
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