图2：哥伦比亚猛犸和长毛猛犸的分布地域(《基因组生物学》)。
IMAGE 2: Ranges of Columbian and Wolly mammoths (Genome Biology).
但是，单基因疾病研究能从新的方面揭示基因组生物学。
But study of monogenic diseases can reveal new aspects of genomic biology.
EDAR基因的案例显示了生物学见们在解读基因组扫描的选择信号时必须多么小心。
The case of the EDAR gene shows how cautious biologists have to be in interpreting the signals of selection seen in the genome scans.
想像一下，比如让合成生物学利用今年早些时候描述出的尼安德特人的基因组。
Imagine, say, allying synthetic biology with the genome of Neanderthal man that was described earlier this year.
这个基因组学的中心法则源于结构生物学。
The Central Dogma of Genomics derives from structural biology.
一项数学发现已经应用到新的人类基因组定位方法的研究上来，可能给癌症生物学带来比传统DNA序列分析更快、更廉价而有效的研究工具。
A mathematical discovery has extended the reach of a novel genome mapping method to humans, potentially giving cancer biology a faster and more cost-effective tool than traditional DNA sequencing.
这些实验方法已资助在高通量的基因组和表观基因技术，集成系统生物学和生物信息学的巨大进步。
These experimental approaches have been aided by tremendous advances in high-throughput genomic and epigenomic technologies, integrated systems biology and bioinformatics.
研究者将它身上的大概两万个基因与人类和鸡禽的基因进行了比较，他们期望从中探索所谓的“可保存综合体”领域，这是生物学领域的术语，其实就是寻找在两种相差较远的生物中存在的，最为相似的基因组。
The researchers compared the frog's roughly 20,000 genes to those of humans and chickens. They were looking for areas of so-called "conserved synteny."
基因组重组是计算生物学的一个重要研究领域，是基因组在基因水平比较分析的基础。
Genome rearrangement is an important area of computational biology, and bases the comparison analysis of genomes at the level of genes.
本课程关注于传递系统生物学和功能性基因组在计算方面的当代问题，并且提供合适的工具和方法以解决它们。
The course focuses on casting contemporary problems in systems biology and functional genomics in computational terms and providing appropriate tools and methods to solve them.
获得一个物种的基本的基因组信息，比如基因的图谱及其在细胞中的产物，是我们了解该物种生物学意义的第一步。
Acquiring the basic genomic information for a genome, such as maps of genes and their products present in a cell, is the first step to understand its biology.
计算分子生物学中的基因组重排，产生了借助于反序来排列有符号排列问题。
The problem of sorting a signed permutation by reversals is inspired by genome rearrangements in computational molecular biology.
比较基因组学的方法：基因组对应、基因识别和调控特征序列的发现〉。 《计算生物学杂志》，11卷， 第2-3期（2004年）： 319-55页。
Kellis, M. , et al. "Methods in comparative genomics: genome correspondence, gene identification and regulatory motif discovery. " Journal of Computational Biology 11, no. 2-3 (2004): 319-55.
目的：在基因组水平上探讨乌三颗粒抗肿瘤的分子生物学机制。
Objective: To investigate the molecular biological mechanism, on genomic level, of using Wusan Granule in treating Lewis lung carcinoma.
利用结构生物信息学方法进行蛋白质的理性设计，将会在后基因组时代的生物学研究和蛋白药物开发中起到越来越重要的作用。
Structural bioinformatics based rational protein design will play important role in biological research and development of protein therapeutics in the post genome era.
功能基因组研究不仅是2 1世纪整体细胞生物学最重要的内容，而且将为医药、农业和工业的革新提供崭新的思路。
And functional genomics research not only is the most important part of whole cell biology in 21 century, but also can provide medicine, agriculture, and industry with new ideas.
该网页提供众多关于发育生物学研究的资源链接，包括动态发育，蝾螈种群，果蝇的遗传和分子数据，小鼠胚胎以及癌症基因组等等。
It provides numerous links to developmental biology research resources, including dynamic development, axolotl colony, genetic and molecular data for drosophila, mouse embryo and cancer genome etc.
为了最大化基因组序列的价值，它们需要用其他类型的生物学数据及彼此进行整合。
To maximize the value of genome sequences they need to be integrated with other types of biological data and with each other.
本课程关注于传递系统生物学和功能性基因组在计算方面的当代问题，并且提供合适的工具和方法以解决它们。
This course focuses on casting contemporary problems in systems biology and functional genomics in computational terms and providing appropriate tools and methods to solve them.
其次是生物学，由基因组排列而产生的大量内容，使得遗传学在一定程度上转变成了信息科学。
Biology was next, with genome sequencing throwing up so much of the stuff that genetics has turned partly into an information science.
随着人类基因组和一些模式生物、重要经济生物以及大量微生物基因组测序的完成，生物学整体研究业已进入基因组时代。
As the genome projects of human, some model species, some economic important species and many microbe species have been accomplished, biology has entered into the era of genome.
尽管生理基因组学还是一个非常年轻的研究领域，系统生物学概念的引入必将推进生理基因组学达到全新的水平。
While the field of physiological genomics is still very young, the introduction of the concept of systems biology promises to propel physiological genomics to a whole new level.
微生物基因组简化是合成生物学研究热点之一。
Research on microbial reduced genome is a key focus of synthetic biology.
在进行基因组步行PCR克隆真菌木聚糖酶基因的研究中，探索并建立了一套可在普通分子生物学实验室采用的高得率、高质量真菌染色体DNA的抽提方法。
When we cloned fungal xylanase gene with the method of Genomic walking PCR, we constructed a simple and cheap protocol for extraction of fungal chromosomal DNA.
小鼠基因组数据库（MGD）集成鼠标的遗传和基因组数据，以方便使用鼠标作为一个模型系统，为了解人类生物学和疾病的进程。
The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) integrates genetic and genomic data for the mouse in order to facilitate the use of the mouse as a model system for understanding human biology and disease processes.
本文从病毒结构、基因组及其编码蛋白质、病毒复制过程和病毒的易感宿主等几方面论述了流感病毒的分子生物学研究进展。
In this paper, the structure of virus, the genome and encoding proteins of virus, the replication process and susceptible hosts will be summarized.
为使天敌能大量人工繁殖，从分子生物学角度对单头桑天牛卵啮小蜂基因组DNA的提取方法及RAPD反应条件进行了探索。
In order to propagate more Aprostocetus prolixus, we studied the method of genomic DNA extraction and optimization of RAPD ana- lytic conditions.
为使天敌能大量人工繁殖，从分子生物学角度对单头桑天牛卵啮小蜂基因组DNA的提取方法及RAPD反应条件进行了探索。
In order to propagate more Aprostocetus prolixus, we studied the method of genomic DNA extraction and optimization of RAPD ana- lytic conditions.
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