我要稍稍讲一下基准问题。
从概念模型的角度探讨了GPS和电子地图的参考基准问题。
This paper approaches the reference datum of GPS and electronic map from concepts model, and analyses the basic relations of coordinate transformation.
通货膨胀表面看似修复经济观念和基准问题的一个大的无规律的现象。
Inflaction is a great disorder of seemingly fixed economic ideas and benchmark problem!
三维WWER基准问题的校算表明了该方法是求解六角形几何扩散问题的先进方法。
The results of 3D WWER benchmark problems demonstrate that it is an advanced method for the solution of multigroup diffusion equation in hexagonal geometry.
所以，对于弱引用的最好的建议是：概要描述或者用基准问题测试它，以确保你为特定的环境选择最好的方案。
So the best advice with weak references is: profile or benchmark it, to make sure that you choose the best solution for your specific situation.
假如她使用100年作为基准的话，这可能会成为一个有趣的问题。
Had she used 100 years as the benchmark it might have been an interesting question.
在这篇由两部分组成的文章里，我将逐一探究这些特性，并尝试在单一线程基准的协助下，回答关于性能的问题。
In this two part article I will explore these features and attempt to answer the performance question with the aid of a single threaded benchmark.
如果您不了解系统正常运行时的情况，并以此作为基准，那么您可能永远也无法真正地确定是否出现了问题。
You can never really be sure if they are having a problem without a real baseline of what the system looked like when it was behaving normally.
基准在很多方面都存在这样的问题。
要帮助回答这个问题，您必须主动地收集并且维护一个基准：有关系统正常运行时的状态的广泛信息。
To help answer this question, you must actively collect and maintain a baseline: extensive information about the state of the system at a time when that system is operating normally.
我们面对的问题是：基准测试中是否需要将内存维护或者垃圾回收的时间包括进来？
The question is: should a benchmark measurements include the time needed for maintenance or garbage collection?
我们将执行基准、注意性能问题，单独解决每个问题，并使用所有已解决的问题来尝试该基准。
We will execute the benchmark, note performance issues, address each issue individually, and attempt the benchmark in a final pass with all of the issues addressed.
所有其他数据结构基准测试也有相似的问题，但是对于访问时间相当长的数据结构，这种影响可以忽略。
All the other data-structure benchmarks are similarly tarnished, although for data structures with relatively large access times, the relative effect is negligible.
让我们看看为什么这个表面上没有问题的基准最终没能成功地度量出想要度量的东西，甚至没有度量出任何有用的东西。
Let's look at why this seemingly harmless-looking benchmark fails to measure what it purports to measure or, indeed, whether it measures anything useful at all.
同样还有一些涉及到治理的简单问题：如果有员工达到所定的基准业绩，而没有得到奖金，这在原则上来讲是错误的。
There are simple governance issues as well: failing to pay people if they reach agreed benchmarks is wrong in principle.
首要的问题就是如何设计基准测试。
First and foremost is the question of what should the benchmark look like?
（本文的缓存和准备两节也讨论一些由基准测试程序员负责解决的问题，但是这些问题基本上靠常识就能够解决）。
This article's Caching and Preparation sections also discuss some issues that the benchmark programmer is responsible for, but those issues are mostly common sense.
是时候重新审视这个问题，因为很多答案都已经变了以及一些基准线已经偏移了(向前)。
It's time to revisit that, as many of the answers have changed and the baseline has moved (forward).
或者还有没有其他的情况？在本文的第二部分里，我们将会深入研究这个基准测试，力争回答这些问题。
In part 2 of this article, we'll take a deeper look at this benchmark to try and answer these questions.
正确的基准是这个问题的关键。
问题1:基准论据:评估和综合基础知识和论据，以确定减轻和适应气候变化的行动方向。
Issue 1: baseline data: Assessing and synthesising the basic knowledge and data to orient action in mitigation and adaptation
随着Notes/Domino7及其所产生的良好基准数值的发布，很多客户会提出问题，“这将为我在生产环境中带来多少价值？”
With the release of Notes/Domino 7 and the good benchmarking numbers it is producing, the question a lot of customers are asking is, â How much will this help me in my production environment?â
这里说得不够详尽，但是对于为什么这个基准没有像其作者期望的那样这个问题，这里给出了一些原因？
This list is not exhaustive, but here are just some of the reasons why this benchmark didn't do what its creator thought it did.
本文描述了针对TPC - h基准测试公布，与在基于IntelItanium2处理器的平台上安装和配置IBMDB 2UniversalDatabase相关的关键问题。
This paper described the key setup and configuration of the IBM DB2 Universal Database on an Intel Itanium 2 processor-based platform for a TPC-H Benchmark publication.
与任何优化一样，只在剖析和基准测试证明您具有实际的问题之后才实现这一点。
As with any optimization, only implement this after profiling and benchmarking have proven you have a real problem.
本文提供的基准测试框架支持这些特性并解决了许多其他问题。
The benchmarking framework this article presents supports these features and addresses many other issues.
我也开始做性能方面的工作，最初做了些基准测试和性能测试来看看问题出在哪里。
I'd also like to start working on performance, initially just by doing some benchmarking and profiling to see where there might be problems.
为了获得精确的结果，需要一个全面的解决方案，通过使用基准测试框架可以解决一部分问题。
To obtain accurate results, you need a thorough command of these issues, possibly by using a benchmarking framework that addresses some of them.
现在要介绍一个简便的基准测试框架，这个框架解决了前面提到的许多问题。
Now I introduce a "ready to run" benchmarking framework that addresses many of these issues.
现在要介绍一个简便的基准测试框架，这个框架解决了前面提到的许多问题。
Now I introduce a "ready to run" benchmarking framework that addresses many of these issues.
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