在15世纪，印刷术得到发展，纸张成为欧洲书籍的主要材料，在此之前的主要材料是羊皮纸。
During the 1400s, when printing was being developed, paper became the predominant material for books in Europe, but prior to that, it was parchment.
在此之前，在20世纪50年代和60年代，每年都有超过5万头鲸鱼被捕杀。
Before it, in the 1950s and 1960s, more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed.
这是一种简单的适应方式，能确保它们在冬季过后发芽，而不是在此之前就早早发芽。
This is a simple adaptation to ensure that germination occurs following the winter conditions rather than immediately prior to their onset.
不幸的是，在此之前，早期受欢迎的大部分非裔美国作家在现代都几乎被遗忘了。
Unfortunately, most of the early popular African-American writers have been all but forgotten in modern times until now.
甚至早在此之前——在不到一亿年后——它就会热到足以升高我们的平均气温，导致温室效应失控，煮沸我们的海洋。
Even long before then-in less than a billion years-it'll warm up enough to raise our average temperature and cause a runaway greenhouse effect, boiling our oceans.
然而，在此之前有渔民在核电站向南大约70千米的地方捕到了含放射性碘元素和铯元素超标的一种叫做玉筋鱼的沙鳗鱼。
But that was not before fishermen about 70km south of the plant had caught tiny sand-eels, known as konago, with larger than normal traces of radioactive iodine and caesium.
想一想，例如，Haruki Murakami的小说集故事，谁会等到他的小说出版之后再赢得回报，在此之前他辞掉了白天在一个酒吧做管理者的工作。
Consider, for example, the story of novelist Haruki Murakami, who waited until he had published novels and won awards, before he quit his day job as a bar manager.
最近，Zapp一家正行驶在马来西亚，在此之前，他们刚刚走过了文莱。
Most recently, the Zapp family was touring Malaysia and, before that, Brunei.
而在此之前，已有19家日本企业在纽约证交所挂牌交易，对其而言，这个数目当然是多多益善。
The NYSE already lists 19 Japanese companies and hopes for more.
在此之前，把你的电话放下，并保持在路上你的眼睛。
Until then, put your phone down and keep your eyes on the road.
甚至在此之前，他们已经在寻找特定基因与不同的疾病的关系，发现可能导致乳腺癌和其他疾病的各种基因突变。
And even before that, they were linking particular genes to different diseases, finding all kinds of mutations that could lead to breast cancer and other ailments.
这周，我将去观看他的新作，电影《幽灵小镇》。在此之前，我已意识到了他在《办公室风云》和另一部电视剧《临时演员》两部佳作中的起到的作用。
Before heading in to see his new film Ghost Town this week, I was aware of his role with the Office, and his other TV show Extras, both of which had found success.
它可以在规范位于标准组织中甚至在此之前测试规范。
It can test a specification during, or even before, it is in a standards body.
在此之前，很多科学家不认为植物能够在脊椎动物细胞内生长。
Prior to this, many scientists did not think that plants could live inside the cells of vertebrates.
你在面试时，并不是说一定会在此之前做过所有的事。
You... you don't go into every job interview having done everything before.
当然在此之前——我的意思是在接到电报后——我们通过电话，我已经听过好多回那次选美比赛的情形。
Before that, of course-i mean after the telegram-we had spoken on the phone, and I had heard the story of the beauty contest a number of times.
新的政策还认识到，在此之前很长一段时间内，只有在少数的“调整”贷款业务之前出现过必须予以调整的危机。
The new policy also recognizes that for a long time now only a minority of "adjustment" lending operations have been preceded by a crisis to which adjustment is necessary.
在此之前，盖特纳将向中方提出自己的问题，有关中国如何看待自己在未来几年的增长模式。
Before then, Mr Geithner will have his own questions for the Chinese about how they view their growth model in the coming years.
在此之前，他已在本组织工作20余年，最初是在南太平洋岛屿防治麻风病，随后处理疫苗可预防的疾病，包括脊髓灰质炎。
Before that, he had worked for more than 20 years for the Organization, first battling leprosy in the South Pacific islands, then tackling vaccine preventable diseases including polio.
接着会有一段体育时间、家庭会议。 不过在此之前，你需要沉思片刻，把你在听灵魂音乐过程中的感悟回忆出来，写在纸上。
There is a sports period, a family meeting, followed by a period called Reflections, when you must write down what you have memorised from the tapes.
在此之前的四年里，我在一个拥有100家公司的财团做事，从一个销售培训者做到地区销售经理，在我事业达到颠峰时我离开了这家公司。
After a four-year relationship with a major furtune 100 company beginning as a salestrainer and ending as a regional sales manager, I left the company at the height of my career.
当然，在此之前，所有主流应用服务器厂商已经在自己的产品中提供了某种远程部署支持。
Of course by then, all of the major application server vendors already had some kind of support for remote deployment built into their products.
在此之前我一直在实验室里工作，这段经历让我对钱有了新的定义。
Having always worked in LABS prior to that job, it redefined how I thought about money.
在此之前，剖腹产手术普遍只在产妇死去或者快要死的时候才做。
Prior to that, C-sections were generally performed only when the mother was dead or dying.
这个有关宪制的问题在此之前都是由各个地区法院作出裁决，结果是，在关于是否需要授权的问题上，各个法院作出的许多裁决是相互冲突的。
The constitutional matter until now has been left to district courts around the country to decide, resulting in a patchwork of conflicting rulings about the need for warrants.
贱女孩明星在比佛利山庄的麦迪逊商场购物，在此之前公然露面令路人和狗仔队大饱眼福。
The Mean Girls star was shopping at a Madison Store in Beverly Hills before giving onlookers and paparazzi an eye-full.
在此之前，埃文斯说，研究人员提出皮肤角质层中有一种结构在吸水时会扩张。
Evans says previously researchers had proposed that the stratum corneum had a structure that was capable of expanding as it absorbed water.
美联储建立于1911年，在此之前，在美国进行了央行体系的零星试验。
The Federal Reserve dates only from 1911, and before then experiments with central banking in the United States had been sporadic.
人群，在此之前一直在友好轻松地谈话，渐渐变得怀有敌意。
The crowd, until then friendly and comfortably talkative, grows hostile.
人群，在此之前一直在友好轻松地谈话，渐渐变得怀有敌意。
The crowd, until then friendly and comfortably talkative, grows hostile.
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