科学家将很快能够通过操控人类基因来控制衰老的过程。
Scientists would soon be able to manipulate human genes to control the aging process.
几十年来，许多公司都获得了分离DNA的专利——到2005年，大约20%的人类基因都已获取专利。
Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades—by 2005 some 20% of human genes were patented.
现在，人类基因的表现可以被实时观测了。
Expression of individual human genes can now be viewed in real time. Getty.
考虑执行有关人类基因项目工作的应用程序。
Think about applications that perform work on the human genome project.
人类基因序列测序工作直到2003年菜正式完成。
The human genome's sequencing wasn't formally completed until 2003.
还记得人类基因计划吗？
人类基因本身就有接近 30 亿个DNA碱基对。
The human genome alone has approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs.
理清精神，肢体和人类基因之间的互动将使疼痛大大缓解。
Understanding how the mind, the body and people's genes interact to cause pain should bring more relief.
目前科学家对于人类基因与药物副作用之间的关系所知非常有限。
Right now, scientists know very little about how human genes are linked to drug side effects.
然而，人类基因的“补充部分”的具体情况现在还处于未知状态。
The exact details of this “supplementary” human genome are, however, unknown.
图片来源：eli Sprecher，美国“人类基因”期刊。
Photograph courtesy Eli Sprecher, American Journal of Human genetics.
举个例子来说，人类基因代码有大约8%属于内源性的逆转录病毒。
The human genome, for example, is thought to owe some 8 percent of its code to endogenous retroviruses.
人类基因300个基因片断的排序是一个里程碑式的成就。
The sequencing of the 3 billion letters of the human genome was a scientific milestone.
其他著名的网格计算示例包括对人类基因排序和计算pi的100万位。
Other well-known examples of grid computing include the sequencing of the human genome and calculating a million digits of PI.
人类基因排序的早期倡导者，从1986年开始反应自己的预测。
An early advocate of the sequencing of the human genome reflects on his own predictions from 1986.
该团队表示，在不受感染的仓鼠细胞里的不同人类基因正在寻找能被感染的基因。
The team expressed different human genes in hamster cells, which were impervious to infection, looking for genes that allowed infection to occur.
从19世纪晚期开始，优生学家采用原始的遗传学观点来优化人类基因。
Starting in the late 19th century, eugenicists used primitive ideas about genetics to try to re-engineer the human race.
因为阑尾变小会更容易被感染，将易受感染基因从人类基因种群中剔除出来。
Because smaller ones are more likely to become infected. And keep your genes out of the pool.
未来十年，科学界和制药业面临的任务至少与最初解密人类基因的任务一样具有挑战性。
The task facing science and industry in coming decades is as at least as challenging as the original deciphering of the human genome.
人们原本希望通过解码人类基因，可以引发一波新药物发明的浪潮，然而事实并非如此。
Decoding the human genome has also not yet led to the wave of new medicines originally hoped for.
人类基因图中20%的基因已经被认领为专利，这涉及到成千上万的个人基因。
Some 20 percent of the human genome is already included in patent claims, amounting to thousands of individual genes, says a draft report from the National Institutes of Health.
通过对比找出人类基因中相同序列，就可以推测和相应的生物模型中的基因有类似的功能。
Computer comparison then shows which human genes correspond in DNA sequence and thus, presumably, in function, to the genes in these "model" organisms.
可遗憾的是，研究人员发现人类基因构造和某类疾病之间的联系要比他们所想的复杂的多。
Alas, researchers have discovered that the link between a given person's genetic make-up and specific diseases is much more complex than they had hoped. The tantalising vision remains out of reach.
可遗憾的是，研究人员发现人类基因构造和某类疾病之间的联系要比他们所想的复杂的多。
Alas, researchers have discovered that the link between a given person's genetic make-up and specific diseases is much more complex than they had hoped.the tantalising vision remains out of reach.
从事高速dna测序的罗斯博格突然意识到，理解人类基因对于人类健康来说是何等的重要。
Rothberg, who has spent his career working on high-speed DNA sequencing, suddenly realized in a personal way how vital understanding the human genome is to human health.
一旦完成了，人类基因，即人类蛋白质基因代码，将会变得一清二楚。所有的问题都会得到解答。
When it was complete, so the story went, humanity's genes-the DNA code for all human proteins-would be laid bare and all would be light.
1986年，Bodmer预测道：人类基因将允许表征为“…一万个左右的基本遗传功能…”。
In 1986 Bodmer predicted: the human genome would allow the characterization of "... 10, 000 or so basic genetic functions..."
在这家生物技术中心，许多转基因克隆兔子都被用于研究工作，这些兔子的基因组内都加入了人类基因。
Many of those used in the research at the biotechnological centre are clones of genetically-modified rabbits, which have had human genes added to their genomes.
在这家生物技术中心，许多转基因克隆兔子都被用于研究工作，这些兔子的基因组内都加入了人类基因。
Many of those used in the research at the biotechnological centre are clones of genetically-modified rabbits, which have had human genes added to their genomes.
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