With a collection that dates back to 1917, this small, off-kilter museum exhibits lifelike, 3D wax replicas of skin diseases and body parts.

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They are looking at the development of skin diseases and male-pattern baldness.

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Biosensors that can be worn on clothing or jewelry, held against the skin by a Band-Aid-like patch, or inserted beneath the skin are now capable of monitoring a host of chronic diseases.

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But diagnosis in an individual who has only recently been infected can be difficult since early symptoms, such as red eyes and skin rash, are seen more frequently in patients who have more common diseases, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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As well as foot-and-mouth, the institute also focuses on diseases in cattle, sheep, horses and pigs, including lumpy skin disease, rinderpest, African swine fever, swine vesicular disease and equine encephalosis.

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The report, published in the Lancet Infectious Diseases journal, suggested the infections were caused by contaminated implants, the patient's skin or poor sterilisation and cleanliness in the surgical theatre.

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Smokeless nicotine, ingested via a skin patch, is less than ideal because its effects on the body are too broad to treat diseases of the central nervous system such as Alzheimer's.

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