Shadow education secretary Andy Burnham said the announcement represented a 60% cut in funding.
But the Shadow Education Secretary, Theresa May, attacked the government for the continuing underachievement of boys.
Shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg accused the government of trying to bury the report's recommendations.
Labour's shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg said it was time for Mr Gove to "think again".
Stephen Twigg, Labour's shadow education secretary urged more negotiation in order to avoid strike action.
Shadow Education Secretary Andy Burnham welcomed the proposals to improve English and maths skills.
But, argued the shadow education minister, it would be a truly terrible idea.
But shadow education secretary Ed Balls said the decision marked a "black day for our country's schools".
Shadow Education Spokesperson Angela Burns AM argued that able and talented pupils are not being challenged in schools.
Shadow education minister Baroness Hughes of Stretford urged the government to invest in projects that develop parenting skills.
The Conservatives' shadow education minister Angela Burns warned the Welsh government's estimates could be "the tip of the iceberg".
Welsh Liberal Democrat shadow education minister Jenny Randerson said she feared the restructure was about centralisation rather than democratisation.
Shadow Education Secretary Stephen Twigg called for clearer accountability to ensure resources were effectively targeted at the poorest pupils.
Shadow Education Spokesman Damian Green told the Commons students and their parents had been let down by the government's proposals.
Shadow education minister Karen Buck said the research confirmed what we have been hearing from schools and colleges across the country.
Shadow Education Secretary Stephen Twigg said while Lord Carlile's report shows that services have improved, they are still not good enough.
Shadow education secretary Andy Burnham said it was a "damning verdict" which raised doubts about the education secretary's "competence and judgment".
The shadow education secretary, Theresa May, said this amounted to an admission that Labour's policy was creating problems for older children.
Shadow education secretary Damian Green said: 'It is now clear from schools around the country that there is a widespread funding crisis.
Shadow Education Secretary Stephen Twigg said an extra 15, 000 teachers would be needed by 2014-15 as an additional 256, 000 pupils start school.
Shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg said the Telegraph's allegations were "extremely serious" and the investigation by Ofqual must "leave no stone unturned".
But shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg accused the government of being "out of touch" on school sport by not backing the two-hour target.
Labour's shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg warned that it was important that Michael Gove did not downgrade teaching of speaking skills in England's schools.
BBC: GCSE English plan leaves speaking test out of final grade
In his speech to the ATL conference on Wednesday, Shadow Education Secretary Stephen Twigg also criticised the pace of reforms to GCSEs and A-levels.
But the Shadow Education Secretary, Theresa May, said that giving schools greater independence would allow them to follow the path of the most successful.
Shadow education minister Stephen Twigg cited a recent report by the Institute for Fiscal Studies as evidence of the impact of the government's cuts.
Shadow Education Secretary Tim Collins said the biggest disappointment was that Ms Kelly had not accepted the central Tomlinson recommendation for an over-arching diploma.
BBC: NEWS | UK | Education | Teenagers 'must pass 3Rs tests'
Shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg said it was wrong to be thinking about changing the system while the row over this year's grades continued.
Shadow education secretary Stephen Twigg called for greater scrutiny, oversight and local accountability "to ensure school standards improve and the taxpayer gets value for money".
Shadow education secretary Tim Yeo told BBC Radio 4's World This Weekend that Labour's top-up fee proposals would damage universities' independence and burden students with debt.
BBC: Some academics have joined students in opposing the plans
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