Their operations are the product of Iran's long running policy of developing close ties to opposition figures in these countries as well as in Egypt, Kuwait, Oman and Morocco.
No longer are they just glorified social workers, charged with running benefits policy and cosying up to trade unions.
The old guard in China still seems to be running Korea policy.
Unkind critics note that Mr Duisenberg's previous experience of running monetary policy, as head of the Dutch central bank, was to take orders from the German Bundesbank.
Escalation, and its negative responses, have been dominating Israeli politics as has the question of whether Ariel Sharon, the prime minister, or Shimon Peres, his foreign minister, is running Israeli policy.
Such details add to the odd spectacle of the ex-veep, who would have been running Mideast policy had he won a few more votes in Florida, selling -- and some say selling out -- to the emir.
The very organization responsible for running federal environmental policy has deemed the biodiesel mandate a public-interest failure.
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Our recent BBC Wales poll found support for this policy running at 63 per cent in favour, with 31 per cent against.
There are tens of millions of Americans who no longer have to worry about the lifetime cap on their insurance policy running out.
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The move was part of Cardiff and Vale University Health Board's policy of running smoke free sites.
Next, the country in question needs to have a government capable of running a vigorous foreign policy.
And now we're hearing alarming tales of Kindle owners who have had their accounts turned off when inadvertently running afoul of company policy.
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He said the previous Labour government had "bribed and bullied councils into privatisation" and accused the coalition of pursuing a "neo-liberal policy of running down public sector housing".
Second, the Federal Reserve has been running a highly accommodative monetary policy.
But his autocratic approach to policy and to running the government opened the way for Ms Gillard's coup before his first term was out.
Dole has precipitated a needed debate on the long-running abuse of this important policy tool and on how America can finance its assistance to emerging democracies in Eastern Europe and elsewhere.
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The problem, at least for now, is that the U.S. policy direction is running counter to what causes economies to grow, and this is driving the talk of a new, austere future.
Mr Koizumi replaced the foreign and defence ministers, and plans to keep running a good deal of foreign policy from his own office.
Some central banks, slow to grasp the effect of these structural changes on inflation and monetary policy, have been running overly loose policies that have fuelled unsustainable booms in America and some other economies.
Winmill points at the debt ceiling debate as one of the factors helping to push the price of gold higher, recognizing that along with ultra-loose monetary policy, the government is running out of tools to bring down unemployment rates that have crept past 9%.
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Sound monetary policy is key to long-running economic strength and stability.
Still, if xenophobia is one influence on Russia's migration policy (and racist murders are running at roughly one a week), there is another contradictory pressure that the Kremlin cannot ignore.
Little noticed, the Holder Justice Department's attorneys have defended the Bush warrantless wiretap policy-in a long-running lawsuit in San Francisco's Ninth Circuit, and last month before the Third Circuit in Philadelphia, involving the tracking of cellphone locations.
Policy prescriptions aside, both candidates are running on being outsiders of sorts.
Board member Deputy David Inglis told BBC Guernsey they were "following guidelines laid down by the Policy Council to investigate alternative ways of running Beau Sejour".
But in a classic bait-and-switch move, the GISAID board changed that policy after the database was up and running, and now they can sit on data as long as they want.
If they allow this to continue, they will surely rue the day at some point in the future when another Commander-in-Chief is running roughshod over their institutional duties, prerogatives and policy preferences.
"It is a reminder that time is running out but that the technical means and the policy tools to allow the world to stay below a maximum 2C are still available to governments and societies, " she said.
That leaves reducing inflation, now running at 8%, as the only remaining major policy challenge.
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