Historically, gasoline has cost more than diesel, which is a byproduct of the oil refining process.
Petroleum coke is the solid black gunk left over at the end of the oil refining process.
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Rum is made from molasses, a by-product of the sugar refining process.
The refining process strips away much of what is best about grains and can leave a white product that may be up to 94% starch.
Beisdes, most rums are made from molasses, a by-product of the sugar refining process, so it starts with a recycled product, and that is a good thing.
Sweetwater says it can "make ethanol make sense" by reorganizing the refining process around the company's signature cellulosic liquid concentrate called CCF that the company says will lower the cost, energy and carbon footprint of producing ethanol.
The result, if all goes well, will be a mixture of hydrocarbons that can be fed into the stage of the oil-refining process just before petrol and diesel emerge from the stills, and at a price that competes with the equivalent chemical mixture produced by traditional methods.
The 33-year-old committee on foreign investment, CFIUS, is also refining its process for examining deals that might threaten security.
Gillette's emphasis on refining the manufacturing process is much admired by management gurus such as Rosabeth Moss Kanter, a Harvard Business School professor.
Cohen, 56, began his career refining the solar thermal process at Jerusalem's Hebrew University in 1977.
Armed with a degree in chemical engineering, Fred invented a more efficient process for refining oil and built a prosperous company that Charles took over in the 1960s.
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Though the expectation of free return shipping can pose a challenge for small business owners who cannot manage returns as efficiently on their own, this should not discourage them from refining the returns handling process.
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Petrobras was forced to import crude and gasoline in the quarter, as its refining capacity allowed it to process 1.886 million barrels of oil per day, while they sold 2.2 million.
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Meanwhile, Kior last month said it received EPA approval for a drop-in replacement fuel from wood chips using a pyrolysis process adopted from the oil refining business.
Biologic lipids also require no refining -to produce biodiesel they use a process called transesterification, similar to soap making.
While defining lodes is easy, refining the various rare earth elements is hard and each step of the process is likely to cost a billion dollars.
The process is also capable of transforming virtually all plant matter into liquid fuel, whereas typical ethanol refining uses only the fatty acids that make up around 10 percent of the mass of dried plants.
To test his steel process, Mr. Cola worked with Dr. Suresh Babu at Ohio State University, who specializes in refining steel applications.
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The process works with her team generating ideas from inside and out, filtering them, exploring their potential, refining them, creating a business case for them, and moving forward with worthwhile ventures for the company.
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