So a given level of physical investment has cost less than had been thought.
Returning to our current debacle, physical investment started a sustained and soon-to-be precipitous decline just before mid-year of 2007.
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Expansions occur when firms engage in high rates of physical investment.
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While lower income people probably do spend a larger percentage of their marginal income on consumption in the short run, the income of higher income people usually gets spent, either directly on physical investment or indirectly on investment after financial intermediation.
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Also, physical bar investment grew 67% to 95.7 million (2, 975 tons).
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It is not just investment in physical capital that matters.
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The rapid growth in output could be fully explained by rapid growth in inputs: expansion of employment, increases in education levels, and, above all, massive investment in physical capital.
His view on tax reform is heretical as well: he decries tax breaks for investment in physical capital, declaring that taxes on families should be cut instead, since families create human capital.
But that consistently short-termist, confused approach to investment - in our physical capital and in our people - is holding us back.
Daniel Arbess, who manages the PWP Xerion hedge fund, bought physical gold in late 2008 but sold his investment last year.
In fact, analysts say people who are selling gold (or, more accurately, gold futures contracts since few people take delivery of physical gold if it's only an investment) are using the money to buy shares.
For variety in investment portfolios and long-term physical fitness for your 401K , Skeans suggests reevaluating (or exploring for the first time) a mix of international and domestic stocks, emerging market investments, REITS and a healthy dose of bonds.
Growth in knowledge-based industries requires investment in knowledge as well as in physical capital.
The money now sits in an investment that does not require time, or physical energy, or monthly reinvestment.
We have always known that the physical infrastructure that we build requires care, maintenance, and an ongoing investment in order to maintain or improve the status quo.
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Avoiding special incentives for physical capital or improving property rights and the pricing of natural resources can generate resources for redressing social under-investment.
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