Petrol and pipe bombs have been used in attacks on Catholic homes, pubs and churches in predominantly Protestant districts.

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Subsidies make up part of the shortfall: water is sold for 5% of what it costs to pipe it, petrol at 11 cents a litre, and 40% of Libyans don't bother to pay for their state-supplied electricity at all.

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Their eagerness to speak out for exiled Catholic youths strikes many nationalists as remarkable: they have kept far quieter when loyalist paramilitaries have sent pipe-bombs and petrol-bombs through the windows of Catholic homes.

ECONOMIST: Back to work