"This gap needs to be closed, " said Dr. Shahrokh Shariat from Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, who worked on the study.

MSN: Men who have cancer more likely to die from it, study finds

"This is a watershed year" for Alzheimer's research, said Norman Relkin, a neurologist and neuroscientist at the Weill Cornell Medical College in New York, who isn't involved with any of these trials.

WSJ: For Alzheimer's, a Fork in the Road

Fins, chief of the division of medical ethics at Weill Cornell Medical College at New York Presbyterian Hospital, noted that doctor-patient confidentiality is considered sacrosanct, except in isolated cases where, to protect the patient or others, it can be breached.

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"In my personal opinion there is very little room, if any, for metal-on-metal implants because the alternatives we have on the market are likely safer and as effective, " said Dr. Art Sedrakyan, professor of public health at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York.

MSN: FDA probes safety issues with metal hip replacements

Koop was born in Brooklyn, New York, and attended Dartmouth, Weill Cornell Medical College and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.

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A. in political science in 1971, and received his medical degree from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City in 1978.

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