Bee products were used by prehistoric communities for technological, artistic and medical purposes, but it is thanks to the Lonche finding that we can now imagine men doing dentistry in Neolithic Europe, ' said the study's lead author, Federico Bernardini, a postdoctoral fellow at ICTP's Multidisciplinary Laboratory.

UNESCO: Basic Sciences

And only about 19% of the Early Neolithic remains from Central Europe belonged to the H haplogroup.

BBC: Making of Europe unlocked by DNA

One African cave does not, of course, compare with the Neolithic cultural riches dug up across Western Europe.

ECONOMIST: A cave in South Africa may rewrite human history

He said a settlement at nearby Durrington Walls had about 1, 000 homes, the "largest Neolithic settlement in the whole of northern Europe".

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"We have established that the genetic foundations for modern Europe were only established in the Mid-Neolithic, after this major genetic transition around 4000 years ago, " said co-author Dr Wolfgang Haak.

BBC: Making of Europe unlocked by DNA