This means that customers have limited choices, which gives each service provider a near monopoly power.
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Its near monopoly on operating systems and office automation software assured it a high cash flow.
Each mega merger effectively grants near monopoly at many airports and for many routes.
But in medical care, many hospitals achieve strong negotiating positions long before reaching near monopoly status.
My first example was the Chinese near monopoly on the production of rare earths.
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Half the point of the Windows near monopoly is that we all know how to use it.
It also enjoyed a pervasive state media apparatus as part of a near monopoly on institutional power.
Jetro enjoys a near monopoly in supplying wholesale goods to small stores and restaurants in the New York City area.
Combined, the two would represent a near monopoly of the search market.
The decline is primarily because Visa maintains a near monopoly, almost three quarters of total debit card transactions are processed through Visa.
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Facebook might well become a near monopoly in the social media space.
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Since ESPN has a near monopoly on sports content, the average fee for sports content has climbed steadily over the past several years.
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The basic background you need: Microsoft was, a few years back, regarded as the near monopoly supplier of operating systems for desktop machines.
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The former judge complained that because of Mr Berlusconi's near monopoly of the media in Italy only foreign news organisations had reported his campaign.
The IRGC is also widely rumoured to control a near monopoly over the smuggling of alcohol, cigarettes and satellite dishes, among other things in great demand.
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And the very fact that it is being contested is going to put a brake on the ability of Microsoft to exploit that near monopoly position.
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It is not only Britain's biggest satellite broadcaster but also the main broadcast partner for the English Premier League, with a near monopoly on the League's domestic broadcast rights.
That near monopoly would, when export licences were limited, mean that those companies that used the materials would have to locate themselves in China in order to get stocks.
Kirsh told FORBES that Jetro has a near monopoly on the business of providing small stores in the New York City area -- other wholesalers don't deem them worth the time.
But reader and investor Walt French responded that behind the scenes Google had managed to create a near monopoly of mobile search, and presumably therefore a certain type of mobile ads.
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Where Bert Danner falters in his analysis is in assuming that the mobile platform battle will play out like desktop computing, where network effects yielded near monopoly-level dominance to Microsoft.
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"A key problem is that the department has been unable to create a competitive market for medical assessment providers, leaving Atos in the position of being a near monopoly supplier, " she said.
The real reason is that Craxi had issued a decree that made it possible for Mr Berlusconi's television companies to build the national networks that have now given them a near monopoly on commercial broadcasting.
Nevertheless as the Democratic Party has grown its constituent parts into a massive complex of patronage, its near monopoly of education has endowed its leaders ever more firmly with the conviction that they are as entitled to deference and perquisites as they are to ruling.
The criticism is not just that he is successful but that he has tried to leverage, unfairly and perhaps illegally, Microsoft's near monopoly in desktop operating systems in ways that would let him dominate everything from word processing and spreadsheets to Web browsers and content.
According to this theory, you would expect Gazprom to charge more in countries where it held a monopoly or near-monopoly position, and less in countries where it was just another player in the market.
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They cover a broad range: from the teachers' union to Pemex, the state oil monopoly, and Telmex, a private telecoms near-monopoly.
It also enjoyed the backing of state media as part of its near-monopoly on institutional power.
The very best brand names, Placek asserts, can help a company gain a near-monopoly.
But it lays much of the blame on BAA's near-monopoly on air travel in Britain.
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