The Davie Brown Index looks at multiple attributes to determine a celebrity's ability to influence brand affinity and consumer purchase intent.

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Viewing the active versus passive debate by studying individual asset class comparisons is useful, but it misses an important dynamic that benefits portfolio returns that hold several different index funds representing multiple asset classes.

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Therefore it expresses the earnings as a percent of the index price rather than the index price as a multiple of the earnings.

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Most offer a return over the life of the investment that is a multiple of the return on some index (or with its Bear Market Notes, the decline in that index).

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But when taking the entire 500 stocks that make up the index as a whole, the multiple that is being applied as an average to all becomes less variable, although critical to assessing prices.

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Results released in May 2011 for the Unisys Security Index, a semi-annual survey of consumer opinion on multiple dimensions of security, showed that 56 percent of Americans saw cargo transported by air, sea or land as extremely or very vulnerable to malicious or terrorist attack.

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Since a portfolio consists of multiple mutual funds, a portfolio of actively managed funds should be benchmarked to a portfolio of comparable index funds to determine if active fund management is working or hurting.

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The index trades for 13.4 times 2010 per-share earnings forecasts, compared with an average multiple of 16.4 times reported income since 1954.

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The Chicago-based options trading venue is the home to the volatility index, or VIX, but traders who deal in certain products were shut out Thursday morning as multiple planned re-openings came and went.

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