As any vaccine will take years to develop, doctors are urging governments to do all they can to encourage safer sex , as well as give anti-retroviral therapies which prevent mother to child transmission, and may reduce the chance of adult to adult transmission.
Mothers2Mothers an organization that works to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV by promoting access to healthcare, and providing education and support for pregnant women and new mothers living with HIV.
Almost half of all pregnant women living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries received antiretrovirals to prevent mother-to-child transmission, and more children living with HIV are benefiting from treatment and care programmes than ever before.
Since FY 2008, PEPFAR has increased the number of people receiving treatment by 124%, the number of pregnant women receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis to prevent mother-to-child transmission by 72% and the number of individuals receiving HIV testing and counseling by 87%.
So-called combination prevention, a mixture of condoms, drug treatment (which also stops transmission of the virus), stopping mother-to-child transmission and circumcising men (which reduces their chance of getting infected by two-thirds), is working.
This means that efforts to improve the health of women and their children, including eliminating mother-to-child transmission of HIV, requires a joint commitment and integrated efforts.
But treatment with antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and especially around the time of birth cuts the risk of mother-to-child transmission to below 2%.
The rate of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the U.S. has dropped by more than 90 percent during the last two decades, resulting in fewer than 200 cases per year.
Since the beginning of the epidemic, there have been significant reductions in mother-to-child transmission of HIV in the U.S. Research has also shown that progress is possible through targeted prevention programs that are effective in reducing risky behaviors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.
The second approach uses ARVs to stop one very specific form of transmission: that between an infected mother and her child at birth, or during suckling.
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