Emerging countries want governments in the rich world to pay huge sums from their coffers for adaptation to, and mitigation of, climate change.
Dr Stephen Hammer is co-director of the Urban Climate Change Research Network, a consortium of academics and institutions dedicated to the analysis of climate change mitigation, and an adviser to New York City's Energy Policy Taskforce.
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The wedges paradigm, which provides a framework for formulating emissions reduction strategies based on currently available technologies, quickly became the gold standard in the field of climate change mitigation.
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The "Blue Carbon" International Scientific Working Group met last week at UNESCO headquarters to discuss the implications of using coastal "blue" carbon as a conservation and management tool contributing to climate change mitigation and the development of associated conservation financing mechanisms.
It is not surprising that Bali is unlikely to achieve anything tangible, for it is aimed at the hardest part of climate-change mitigation getting an international agreement which all the big emitters ratify.
Overall, I believe it is fair to say that the Stern Review consistently leans toward (and consistently phrases issues in terms of) assumptions and formulations that emphasize optimistically low expected costs of mitigation and pessimistically high expected damages from greenhouse warming relative to most other studies of the economics of climate change.
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Adaptation to climate change and its mitigation is one key objective of this biosphere reserve, with many research and activities underway.
In September 2011, MOET adopted its Action Plan to implement the National Strategy for Natural Disaster Prevention, Response and Mitigation 2011-2020, acknowledging and aiming to tackle both the impacts of climate change and disasters on the education sector and the important role education can play in mitigating these risks.
It was also proposed that the United Nations establish a registry of national appropriate mitigation actions by countries not included in annex I to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which releases the third of three reports into the causes, consequences and mitigation of global warming in Thailand this week, the Arctic could be ice-free in summer by the latter part of the 21st century.
Coordinate with national and international geoscience authorities and policy makers on research, technology transfer and public awareness raising programmes on the use of remote sensing for environmental monitoring, geohazard mitigation, georesource modeling, transboundary geoscience map integration, geoengineering, climate change and environmental geology.
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