Small caps are your best canaries in the coal mine for risk appetite and the US picture, the stocks making up the RUT have much less overseas exposure than their larger cap brethren.

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Mr Thomas said water in any mine would be a risk but when the mine operator applies for a licence to work a particular reserve of coal, there is a national database with records showing where that seam had been worked before.

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With the latest technology, says Cho, the bank can measure the profitability of every branch employee and customer, mine its customer database and run sophisticated risk-management and credit-analysis programs.

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That tag said to me that people actually put their own lives at risk in trying to save mine, trying to save as many as they could.

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By releasing a swarm of trained moths over a minefield, and observing where they stuck their tongues out, it should be possible to locate mines without risk either to people or to expensive mine-detecting machinery.

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