One prominent doubter of the mechanism was Peter Kim, the research chief at Merck.
Hints that Vioxx might cause heart attacks had existed for years, as basic research pointed to a mechanism by which the drug might cause more clots.
To be specific, Merck (MRK) will test a beta-amyloid precursor protein site-cleaving enzyme, or BACE, inhibitor, which the drugmaker notes is the first drug with this type of mechanism to advance to this stage of clinical research.
As part of a system like this, there should be a natural mechanism that provides space for risk-taking and research that pushes the envelope in bold ways that could unearth breakthroughs in education.
Understanding the mechanism and implication of these effects is another crucial research step, and a difficult one to take at the moment because it is hard to assess the results from one paper on geoengineering in the light of another.
Dr Ray said that more research was needed in order to understand the underlying mechanism and identify what advantages the production of "reaction wood" offered to naturally growing tree.
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First, using antibiotics to treat an atherosclerotic patient who has had one heart attack reduces the risk of his suffering a second. (Rheumatoid arthritis, the most common arthritic variety, also responds to antibiotics in some patients, leading researchers to suspect that it, too, may sometimes be provoked by bacteria.) Second, research has come up with the glimmer of a mechanism.
Study leader Dr Allison Appleton, said more research would now be needed to work out the biological mechanism that may underpin the finding.
It may be a matter of national pride (and, as a result, an effective mechanism that some may use to siphon funding from Congress to subsidize HPC research), but the much more important question is whether we are investing in the education and training of the next generation of computer scientists who will use the power from such machines.
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The study authors, Dr Jan-Paul Zock and colleagues from the Municipal Institute of Medical Research in Barcelona, said work was needed to determine the biological mechanism behind the increased risk.
These UN entities have also advocated for a global, transparent and effective control and regulatory mechanism to be put in place for these activities, with the exception of small scale scientific research studies within coastal waters.
As the International Aids Society's president-elect, Prof Barre-Sinoussi is leading efforts for a research strategy which could come up with a cure for HIV, or at least a mechanism which drives the virus into remission.
That will mean more dubious research, but could also create more interest in the stocks of smaller firms and a profitable mechanism to take them public.
In it he asked Bush to propose a mechanism that would employ, in the postwar years, armies of scientists in federally funded laboratories or university research projects.
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