Women's wages lag one-third behind men's, partly because they take irregular jobs, partly because they stop working to start families, and also because women are not given the same opportunities as men to follow managerial careers.
Banks around the world are being whipsawed by the fact that much of the bank-funding market is opaque, and information produced by central banks can lag behind real-time events or be limited in detail.
Meanwhile, African American and Latino students continue to lag behind their white classmates -- an achievement gap that will ultimately cost us hundreds of billions of dollars because that's our future workforce.
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No one will thank them if they lag behind the US in their pro-Iran, anti-Israel policies.
The companies have also strayed from their mission of helping people afford their own home: they lag behind regular mortgage banks in funding first-time home-buyers, especially those from ethnic minorities.
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Although the bond business isn't as lucrative, it is a viable alternative for Hong Kong-based Chinese investment banks, which lag behind their more established global peers in sectors such as asset management.
But while a focus on reading tends to highlight the relative under-performance of boys, they do not lag behind in every respect.
Many observers expect mobile telehealth to take off in mobile-loving South Korea and Japan, but to lag behind in America, where consumers are more likely to raise privacy concerns.
What's more, efforts to draw up shared procedures and standards for imports lag far behind tariff cuts even though such non-tariff barriers constitute the biggest drag on trade in the region, according to a recent World Bank study.
And, according to Toldson, black men still lag behind their white counterparts in terms of attendance at top-rated universities.
They lag behind both whites and blacks by almost every measure: higher drop-out rates, lower test scores, fewer college graduates.
This does not please personal-injury lawyers, who argue that fixed costs are likely to lag behind the pace of legal inflation (that is precisely the point, of course).
Its consolidated-profit margins, at 0.1% of revenue last year, lag behind those of other chaebol.
Mr Schmidt urged the country to end its self-imposed isolation and allow its citizens to use the internet, saying it would lag behind economically unless it embraced internet freedom.
Simon Woolley, head of Operation Black Vote, a non-partisan group, says that black Africans are becoming more politically engaged, although they still lag far behind other minority ethnic groups.
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