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On the Chilean--Pacific--side of the Andes, that's courtesy of the ocean and the cold Humboldt Current.
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Normally, the coast of Peru is washed by the Humboldt current, which carries cool waters from Antarctica almost as far north as the equator.
ECONOMIST: The unkind child
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The Humboldt current supports one of the world's great fisheries: despite years of over-exploitation, its plankton-rich waters teem with shoals of Pacific pilchard (anchoveta) and horse mackerel.
ECONOMIST: The unkind child
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From there the crew plotted a course west, riding the Humboldt Current across the Pacific -- it would be more than three months before they saw land again.
CNN: The Kon-Tiki: Crossing an ocean on balsa