Lemaitre, 20, crossed the line in 10.11 seconds, 0.07s ahead of Lewis-Francis and Frenchman Martial Mbandjock.
"I believe I have the ability to go out there and achieve, " insisted Lewis-Francis.
Devonish finished fourth in 10.16, ahead of Mark Lewis-Francis (10.20) and 17-year-old Harry Aikines Ayreetey (10.38).
But another Briton, Mark Lewis-Francis has been forced to withdraw from the event because of injury.
Lewis-Francis was eventually given seventh in 10.54 with Chambers eighth and last in 11.19.
Ten further athletes, including Mark Lewis-Francis, will receive discretionary awards as part of the sprint relay squads.
Not that Lewis-Francis, who also won 4x100m relay gold in India, is looking too far ahead.
"For all the knocks I have taken this is the biggest comeback ever and the biggest boost, " said Lewis-Francis.
Lewis-Francis also admitted that he had only recently learnt to deal with the hype that has at times accompanied his career.
Joel Fearon will also make his senior debut in the event after Mark Lewis-Francis was ruled out because of injury.
Lewis-Francis looked ready to challenge Collins for gold in the closing stages.
Lewis-Francis tore a hamstring and was treated in the stadium's emergency room before being taken back to the athletes' village for further attention.
But Lewis-Francis, 28, is also looking forward to the Diamond League - the prestigious global series that will stop off in London and Birmingham this year.
Collins, who won 200m bronze at the world championships last year, was left to savour victory as Chambers limped off and Lewis-Francis lay crying on the track.
Chambers is due to go head-to-head with Mark Lewis-Francis and Jason Gardener in Ostrava on Thursday night in what looked set to be an exciting run-off for the place in the British team.
To do that, Lewis-Francis may well have to officially break the 10-second barrier for the first time in a career that promised much as a teenager, but has only recently started to deliver.
"The Diamond League is very important, " stated Lewis-Francis.
Lewis-Francis was hailed as the future of British sprinting when he won the world junior title in 2000, and he anchored the British 4x100m relay team to a surprise gold medal at the Athens Olympics in 2004.
Lewis-Francis has already been ruled out of the rest of the indoor season and next month's European Championships in France and will instead turn his attentions to the outdoor season and the first steps on the road to London 2012.
But he hopes that the 'Linford Christie' affect may be felt and a new generation of hurdlers come through as we now have an era of top-class sprinters with the likes of Dwain Chambers, Mark Lewis-Francis, Christian Malcolm and Darren Campbell.
Lewis-Francis will then compete in the UK indoor trials in Sheffield on 12-13 February as he looks to secure a place in the team for the European indoor championships in Paris in March, where Dwain Chambers will be looking to defend the 60m title he won two years ago in Turin.
Marco Polo was on there, as was Sir Francis Drake, Vasco da Gama, Magellan, Lewis and Clark and Shackleton.
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