After his fall, a once-banned moderate Islamist party, Ennahda, went on to dominate parliamentary elections.
Ennahda is often accused of tolerating these more radicalized militants or not taking them seriously enough.
The governing Ennahda party failed to persuade other secular parties to join it in government.
Ennahda, which had been widely seen as moderate and pragmatic, is now under unprecedented pressure.
Mr Jebali's plan to form a cabinet of technocrats has been rejected by his Ennahda party.
However, his own Islamist Ennahda party, which dominates the cabinet, has opposed the plan.
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Musician Imed Amar, however, echoed concern about a divide within Ennahda between moderates and hard-liners.
"Things are getting complicated, the disagreements are growing inside the Ennahda itself, " the 29-year-old said.
The prime minister, an Ennahda member, wants to form a new government of non-political technocrats.
The previous day he had accused a faction inside Ennahda of being behind attacks on the opposition.
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"We in Ennahda believe Tunisia needs a political government now, " party Vice-President Abdelhamid Jelassi said on Thursday.
The coalition government is currently led by the Islamist Ennahda party, which dominated Tunisia's first free elections.
Belaid's brother, Abdelmajid Belaid, blamed Jebali's party for the killing, and angry protesters stormed Ennahda offices Wednesday.
Supporters of the secular opposition have blamed Ennahda for Mr Belaid's assassination - an accusation the party denies.
However, a top official of Jebali's own Ennahda party labeled Jebali's moves "non-binding, " raising questions about his leadership.
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Tunisian opposition leaders have also accused Ennahda of pushing to stack the professional civil service with party loyalists.
Ennahda governs in coalition with two non-religious parties and has promised not to ban alcohol or impose the veil.
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Ennahda officials insist the militias are not their creation, and condemn any violence.
Opposition supporters alleged the governing Islamist party Ennahda - which Mr Belaid frequently criticised - was behind his killing.
Ennahda officials have reacted angrily to accusations blaming the party for his murder.
Ennahda executive bureau member Abdel Hamid Jlassi said party officials were meeting to discuss whether to accept the dissolution.
Ennahda denies any involvement in his death, the first political assassination since Tunisia's so-called Jasmine Revolution two years ago.
Ennahda has vowed to work with Tunisia's more liberal parties, and respect the country's progressive approach to gender equality.
Ennahda won the most seats in Tunisia's October elections and is now trying to form a coalition caretaker government.
And if Ennahda does well, then that is democracy - something Tunisia is still learning how to deal with.
But Mr. Belaid's relatives and many opposition officials blamed Ennahda and its allies.
However, the new government is expected to see Ennahda members who held key ministries replaced by independents, our correspondent adds.
It would be hard to argue that all of those ballots represented detailed and active endorsements of Ennahda's political program.
The process has been riven by angry disputes between Ennahda and the opposition parties, partly over Ennahda's alleged laxity towards salafis.
And there were accusations from more secular-minded Tunisians that Ennahda party and the more hardline Salafists were one and the same.
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