The race to shrink electronic circuits will continue, even if and when the transistor falls by the wayside.

ECONOMIST: A molecular replacement for the transistor?

In addition to making possible improved artificial muscles, this material could be used to make flexible electronic circuits, antennae or mirrors.

ECONOMIST: MONITOR

This means that components equivalent to those in electronic circuits can be constructed from appropriate patterns of bumps in the junction.

ECONOMIST: Optoelectronics

Some electronic circuits have also made their way into the bodies of people in the form of heart pacemakers and cochlear implants.

ECONOMIST: Bioelectronics

Dr Cardelli is trying to discover whether it is more like the hardware of electronic circuits or the software of programming languages.

ECONOMIST: Computing and biology

Today's long-haul optics use photons, or light, to carry information at about 1% of what it would cost with electronic circuits and semiconductors.

FORBES: Wired and restless

The 1948 book Cybernetics: Or, Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, by MIT mathematician Norbert Wiener, inspired Louis Barron to build electronic circuits, which he manipulated to generate sounds.

NPR: The Barrons: Forgotten Pioneers of Electronic Music

Meanwhile, high-tech exports such as electronic integrated circuits and phones jumped 64 percent and 21 percent, respectively.

FORBES: Barclays Urges Caution On China

It is conceivable that organic circuits will someday overtake silicon in the race to electronic miniaturization.

FORBES: The science of small