The industry has also launched a further 20 anti-dumping and ten anti-subsidy cases against 18 countries.
Brazil fumes (and rightly so) over anti-dumping and other punitive duties on its most competitive exports, including shoes and orange juice as well as steel.
China is the largest solar panel exporting country, and its dominance has riled rivals who have successfully won anti-dumping and illegal subsidy trade complaints against Chinese manufactures in the U.S. Similar complaints are underway in Europe.
Oh and by the way, the United States will not budge on its protection for textiles and on its use of anti-dumping laws, and the European Union wants to carry on keeping out foreign farm products.
The group opposes legislation that would make it easier for workers to join unions and that would impose anti-dumping duties on China, and it favors drilling for oil and natural gas on the Outer Continental Shelf.
Poorer countries want greater access to rich-country textile markets, and assurances that anti-dumping rules will be wielded much less freely.
Tariffs and anti-dumping actions can also prevent developing-country companies from getting into the rich world.
The Europeans are cross at American misuse of trade-protection instruments, such as anti-dumping and countervailing duties.
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Meanwhile, they face possible anti-dumping and anti-subsidy tariffs in the U.S. and Europe.
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Mr Zoellick dominated Doha, winning the trust of poor countries with concessions on patents and anti-dumping rules while firming up a trade agenda that would serve America's interests.
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Moreover, governments began to abuse these loopholes for protectionist ends: anti-dumping cases and import-restricting regulations proliferated.
For tariffs (or even quotas, anti-dumping actions and so on) are not the only limitations to trade.
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The Indian sales of Huawei, a telecoms firm, fell by half after it was hit with anti-dumping duties and labelled a security risk.
It has begun, for the first time, to calculate the real cost to poor countries of tariffs, anti-dumping duties and non-tariff barriers in rich markets.
All of that, plus liberalising textiles and limiting anti-dumping abuse, would do much to help poorer countries, who feel, with some justice, that they got a raw deal out of the Uruguay round.
"If the EU were to follow the precedent of the US and launch an anti-dumping investigation on Chinese solar products, the Chinese solar industry would suffer a fatal blow, " said Wang Yiyu, chief strategy officer at Yingli Solar.
EU's anti-dumping cases against Polish and Hungarian steel may be only the first of many.
In effect, anti-dumping measures encourage domestic and foreign producers to collude to raise prices.
Meanwhile, China said it would ban imports of soya oil from Argentina, seemingly in reprisal for anti-dumping measures against textile and other exports to Argentina.
The main areas in which firms tend to want to lobby the commission competition policy, state aid, anti-dumping actions, product and market regulation are ones where decisions usually involve a pragmatic mixing of economic, political and legal arguments.
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Developing countries will also benefit from negotiations to clarify and improve the rules on anti-dumping.
Its actual response so far has been the minor one of announcing an anti-dumping investigation into American chicken and car-parts exports.
Until now, most anti-dumping actions have focused on steel and chemicals.
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Already, even with American unemployment at record post-war lows and the economy steaming ahead, industries such as steel and memory chips have resorted to anti-dumping suits to protect themselves against imports.
Anti-dumping actions are multiplying in China and South Korea.
"I think it will come as a great relief to local residents, as we have seen this site really become just a dumping ground and as a magnet for anti-social behaviour, " he added.
Anti-dumping duties are a more fashionable (and more insidious) form of protectionism these days.
And while market conditions change quickly, anti-dumping duties are reviewed only after five years.
In recent weeks anti-dumping duties were imposed on Chinese shrimp and wood furniture although the tariffs were lower than American producers had hoped.
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Anti-dumping suits are also proliferating in Asia and Latin America.
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