The brass is also pouring money into the development of different fighting strategies, including cyber warfare.
The real threat of modern warfare is the very real possibility of cyber warfare.
Little is known within the U.S. intelligence community about Chinese strategic cyber warfare programs.
It's important to understand that cyber warfare does not necessarily have anything to do with the internet.
BBC: Viewpoint: Stuxnet shifts the cyber arms race up a gear
Cyber warfare has already been unleashed on the computers that form the central nervous system of today's grid.
Spear phishing in the past has been linked to China and other states with sophisticated cyber warfare capabilities.
Governments are spending more on cyber warfare, both on the offensive and defensive.
He also said that reported US plans to expand its cyber warfare capabilities were unlikely to foster international collaboration.
The ITU has also been working closely with Russian security firm Kaspersky Labs to establish its expertise in cyber warfare.
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Numerous legal and policy questions arise in the context of cyber warfare.
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Alexander also warned of a "mismatch between our (military's) technical capabilities to conduct operations and the governing laws and policies, " for cyber warfare.
Eugene Kaspersky, CEO of Kaspersky Lab, says cyber warfare and cyber spying between governments is a trend with no end in sight.
The highest level of threat represents the potential for state-sponsored attacks and future "cyber warfare" exposing vulnerabilities of our critical national infrastructure to online attack.
Whatever the original cause, the attack itself is being treated as a landmark in discussions about cyber warfare and what further similar incidents might look like.
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The essence of China's thinking about cyber warfare is the concept of shi, he says, first introduced in Sun Tzu's "The Art of War" about 2, 500 years ago.
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Just like modern hi-tech research revolutionised military operations over the last 50 years, we are going to see a new revolution, focusing on information operations and cyber warfare.
BBC: Viewpoint: Stuxnet shifts the cyber arms race up a gear
In these areas, sophisticated adversaries will use asymmetric capabilities, to include electronic and cyber warfare, ballistic and cruise missiles, advanced air defenses, mining, and other methods, to complicate our operational calculus.
The results of our technical analysis support the hypotheses that sKyWIper was developed by a government agency of a nation state with significant budget and effort, and it may be related to cyber warfare activities.
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But, if cyber warfare was part of a larger military arsenal, and the US can distract an enemy with cyber attacks while engaging in more traditional, kinetic battles on the ground, then this is an arena where the US can still claim superiority.
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Doing so in a way that builds in the sort of resiliency to EMP and cyber warfare that we so clearly need is a no-brainer and should be eminently doable, provided appropriate priority is assigned to that use of the already appropriated funds.
Private intelligence companies have been in the spotlight in recent months after hackers stole thousands of emails from the digital intelligence contractor HBGary Federal in February, revealing that the company had been working on proposals to spy on and discredit supporters of WikiLeaks using tactics associated with cyber warfare.
The world of cyber-warfare, always a murky place, may thus be about to get murkier still.
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Tallinn is the centre of NATO's cyber-warfare research, and Estonians invented another icon of internet cool: Skype.
It is an ironic twist for a country with a reputation as a high-tech and cyber-warfare powerhouse.
Feeling threatened by American naval power, China has been modernising its missiles, submarines, radar, cyber-warfare and anti-satellite weapons.
Cyber-warfare has increasingly been waged against the computers that control the grid and other vital parts of our economy's electronic underbelly.
Mr Gates wants a regular forum at which the two sides discuss issues such as nuclear weapons, missile defence, cyber-warfare and space.
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