Most had multiple chronic conditions in particular, coronary-artery disease, asthma, and complex mental illness.
The researchers, all 256 of them, looked at seven diseases: bipolar disorder, coronary-artery disease, Crohn's disease (an inflammation of the gut), hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes (the sort that develops early in life) and type II diabetes (the sort that develops later).
Chocolate's flavonols may help control coronary artery disease-- if ingested in primarily dark-chocolate formulations. (See "Sweet Temptations, " page 162.) As a topical spa service, there's no evidence that chocolate does anything at all, other than make you want to take a bite out of yourself.
The problem at HCA results from a combination of mis-diagnosis (treating people for coronary artery disease who did not have the disease) and self-referral (the provider who makes the false diagnosis then performs the treatment and profits by it).
FORBES: Where The Market Approach To Health Care Completely Fails
Hence the conclusion that snoring is also a tip-off to coronary artery disease, or CAD.
Asthma, congestive heart failure, depression, coronary artery disease and diabetes--they're the five major chronic conditions that drive the vast majority of health care costs.
Cholesterol drugs like Lipitor and Zocor from Merck (nyse: MRK - news - people ) have not been shown to reverse coronary artery disease.
Coronary artery disease begins when excess cholesterol particles, called low-density lipoprotein particles, become lodged in the artery wall over time and get chemically damaged, or oxidized (close-up diagram).
Jude Medical, Inc. (NYSE:STJ), a global medical device company, announced today that an interim analysis of the FAME II trial has found a highly statistically significant reduction in the need for hospital readmission and urgent revascularization when Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR)-guided assessment was used to direct treatment in patients with coronary artery disease.
FORBES: New Enrollment in FAME II Halted After Interim Analysis Shows Benefits of FFR
ETC-216 will not be a drug for all the millions of people who suffer from severe coronary artery disease, even if it does eventually get a green light from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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