The shoe monument, made of fiberglass and coated with copper, consists of the shoe and a concrete base.

CNN: Shoe-throwing monument removed from Iraqi orphanage

To prove his point, he sterilized copper and stainless steel plates, then coated them with around 10 million cells each of MRSA. The plates were then monitored under a microscope to see what happened to the bacteria.

FORBES: Copper May Be the Key to Defeating MRSA

The third objective, efficient design, involved sandwiching the nanostructured bismuth telluride between two copper plates and then enclosing the upper plate (the one coated with the light-absorbing oxides) and the bismuth telluride in a vacuum.

ECONOMIST: Solar power