The changes in the weather create a crust of hard ice over the lichen, preventing the reindeer from eating.
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They talk about changes in the weather, unprecedented hurricane strikes, and massive storm damage that never used to occur.
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But the issue, he says, has been clouded by the fact that the planet's climate system operates slowly to changes and so there are long delays in CO2 level rises in the atmosphere resulting in changes to weather patterns.
In addition to massive weather changes, the summer months also bring changes to the business climate.
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Professor Burt said their study highlighted the value of long-running datasets from the uplands in order to identify long-term changes in weather patterns, because such changes in rainfall were not recorded at lowland sites, such as Barrow on the west coast, and Durham on the east.
But weather does respond to changes in the solar radiation activity of the sun.
And for those who don't like the weather, or at least changes in it, there's the West Coast.
Harvests are dependent on the weather, and short-term changes in demand are out of kilter with the long-term investments needed to boost supplies of metals and oil.
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The effects of rising global temperatures are widespread and costly: more severe storms, rising seas, species extinctions, and changes in weather patterns that will alter food production and the spread of disease.
From pharaohs to the medieval Vikings, swift and sometimes violent changes in weather patterns sparked mass migrations and technological innovations like irrigation.
Over fishing, new quota systems and changes in expected weather patterns have all played a role in changing the face of this once swashbuckling Alaskan town, fishermen say.
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The truth is, we are still in the Dark Ages when it comes to knowing what actually changes weather patterns.
Advances in cockpit technology have all but eliminated traditional threats such as jets flying into mountains in bad weather or slamming into the ground because of sudden wind changes on approach.
The Nature article, also published Thursday, said that such shifts in weather patterns and human-induced changes could have sudden and unpredictable effects on the global ecosystem, including the collapse of food supplies and other problems.
Morocco, he told me, is certainly not immune from the changes taking place in its neighborhood but it is better positioned than most to weather them.
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As the flow of water can be regulated, it's also not affected by seasonal or daily changes in weather or water patterns.
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