Black Codes and Jim Crow laws once disarmed and disenfranchised people on the basis of race.

FORBES: Move up http://i.forbesimg.com t Move down

As huge fans of both technology and art, our team decided to play around with some QR art concepts, borrowing some elements from traditional graffiti (drips), technology and toys (pixels made out of legos) and incorporating some rounded lines, added movement and bright colors to show that there is more to QR codes than black and white squares.

FORBES: JESS3 QR Art

Rio de Janeiro is adding something new into its trademark black-and-white mosaic pavements: QR codes.

BBC: Rio de Janeiro brings QR codes to its streets

Mr Loureiro believes the way forward for Portugal is to focus on simplifying its corporate and income tax codes and bringing at least part of the non-taxpaying "black economy", estimated to account for more than 20 per cent of total output, into the system.

CNN: Portugal braced for 'fiscal earthquake'