If the above average effect holds up for groups, it might explain a lot of irrational behavior.
The average effect shown in each study was roughly a doubling or a halving of cancer risk for any given ingredient.
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While the average effect on each baby is small and so should not alarm individual prospective parents, for the whole population these small risks add up across millions of people.
Stunningly, the typical answer-based tutoring systems average an effect size of around 0.35 standard deviations, and all three of the step-based, substep-based, and human tutoring cluster around an effect size of 0.75 standard deviations.
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The idea of such a citizen's group plays right into the theme that animates the Meltzer oeuvre: the ability of the average guy to effect change.
WSJ: Brad Meltzer: His Plotting Pays Off | By Joanne Kaufman
It is hard to know from this work if we would have the same effect on average consumers.
And, if we go back even farther, the Flynn effect puts the average I.
If it has an atmosphere like Earth's, with a corresponding greenhouse effect, its average surface temperature would be a balmy 22C.
The last time British Gas increased energy bills, by an average of 7% with effect from last December, the increase affected eight million customers.
Although it is unlikely that such political activity could have a significant effect on the average fan, in these sensitive economic times, these are considerations that sports industry leaders must take into account before making such contributions.
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Since 2008, revenues have fallen increasingly below the 18% average as the revenue-depressing effect of recession and stagnant recovery set in.
The United States is headed down a similar path, with stricter Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards going into effect over the next several years.
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"There is a slowdown in the very top end of the market in London and the south east but what is happening in financial services in the City doesn't effect Mr and Mrs average in Nottingham, " said Richard Donnell, head of FPD Savills resident research department.
Dr. Michael Thase, who heads the mood and anxiety disorders program at the University of Pennsylvania's medical school, said research by others using the same unpublished studies concluded antidepressants have "a modest effect over placebo, " on average about 15 percentage points.
It is feared any potential benefits from the extra boost of 80bhp for up to six seconds each lap will initially be negated by the system's weight (on average 35kg) and its knock-on effect on balance, weight distribution and reliability, not to mention the cost and anxiety over its safety.
When this effect was taken into account, the average premiums would go up 10% to 13%, the agency said, though subsidies would ease the bite for most people.
However, Australia's ABC national broadcaster says households are expected to see consumer prices - including food - rise by an average of 0.7% due to the effect of the carbon prices on large emitters.
BBC: Australia plans to impose carbon tax on worst polluters
Blomberg and colleagues used a database of 12, 164 world-wide terrorism incidents between 1968 and 2001 to compute the macroeconomic effect of such acts, and found that on average they are linked to a decline in a country's economic growth of half a percentage point.
Some volunteers also dropped out, most of whom had higher body mass index on average, which may also skew the results toward a beneficial effect of the Mediterranean diet, since the individuals who remained might have been more motivated to take care of their hearts to begin with.
In other nations, by contrast, the top tax rates take effect much faster, in some cases when taxpayers have just average incomes.
FORBES: Will "Hauser's Law" Protect Us from Revenue-Hungry Politicians?
But if these subsidies continue after Mr Castro goes, average Cubans may find that the comandante's passing has little immediate effect on their daily lives.
Peer-reviewed studies by Eric Hanushek of Stanford University have considered the effect of eliminating the worst teachers by replacing these teachers with average teachers.
We expect the operating margin to return to its historical average, and you can modify the interactive chart below to gauge the effect a change in margins will have on our price estimate.
Washington (CNN) - Senate Commerce Committee Chairman John McCain (R-Arizona) said Tuesday that Time-Warner Cable's retransmission dispute with Disney-ABC is a prime example of the negative effect the concentrated power of media conglomerates can have on the average American.
Ursin's group found that breast-feeding cancels out the effect of delaying childbirth past the age of 25 the average age of first birth in the United States these days.
She said people in such industries had the "healthy worker effect", in which constant health awareness made them healthier than the average citizen.
Why is it better to preserve those tax breaks now than to preserve the jobs of average Americans around the country who would lose those jobs if the sequester goes into effect?
The effect of the latest downturn might be among the reasons for the fall in the average amount paid into each account.
Indeed, the researchers reckon the magnetic fields at the distances they considered are less than the average fields in homes and fields of this level have been shown to have no effect.
Network Rail's business plan was unveiled just days after rail fares for season ticket holders in England, Wales and Scotland rose by an average of 4.2% as the annual price hike, announced in August, came into effect.
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