当然,尽管投资者在这超过四十年间享受到股息收入的好处,按实值计算他们并没有赚的资本收益。
Investors had made no capital gains in real terms over 40 years although, of course, they had enjoyed the benefits of a dividend income throughout this period.
根据瑞士再保险提供的数据上,2010年保费收入按实值计算达4.3万亿美元,整体上增长了2.7%。
Overall, insurance premiums rose by 2.7% in real terms to $4.3 trillion in 2010, according to Swiss Re, a reinsurance firm.
尽管股票价格和收益上下波动的很厉害,但是红利是比较稳定可靠的,按实值计算从波峰跌落到波谷也就十分之一的差距。
Although stock prices and earnings move up and down violently, dividends have been more reliable, typically falling from the peak of a cycle to its trough by only one-tenth in real terms.
英镑的贬值也将减弱通货紧缩的压力,不然此压力有可能加剧信用危机,因为当价格开始下降时,按实值计算的债务负担则会增加。
The fall in sterling will also blunt deflationary pressures that might otherwise exacerbate the credit crisis, since when prices start falling the burden of debt rises in real terms.
耶鲁大学的Robert Shiller指出,按实值计算,美国房价指数由1890年的100点上升到二十世纪末的110点。
Robert Shiller of Yale University has pointed out that, in real terms, an index of American house prices rose from 100 in 1890 to 110 by the end of the 20th century.
今天,美国人的存款和最低工资——不管是按实值计算,还是按通货膨胀调整后的数字计算——几乎都比自1950年以来任何时候都要少。
Today, Americans save less and earn a lower minimum wage - in real, or inflation-adjusted, terms - than at nearly any other time since 1950.
今天,美国人的存款和最低工资——不管是按实值计算,还是按通货膨胀调整后的数字计算——几乎都比自1950年以来任何时候都要少。
Today, Americans save less and earn a lower minimum wage - in real, or inflation-adjusted, terms - than at nearly any other time since 1950.
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